重庆市全球基金疟疾项目疟疾知晓效果评价

Efect Evaluation of the Awareness of Knowledge about Malaria:he Global Fund Malaria Project in Chongqing

目的评价重庆市实施全球基金疟疾项目的疟疾知晓效果,为今后疟疾防治提供科学依据。方法在重庆市全球基金疟疾项目县中抽取4个县,每县随机抽取3个乡镇,每个乡镇调查中学和小学各1所,每所学校随机抽取一个班级,每个班级随机选取30名学生;在每个乡镇再随机抽取3个村,每村随机抽取1个村民小组,每个村民小组随机调查200名居民。项目实施前后采用问卷调查居民和学生的疟疾知晓情况。结果小学生疟疾防治知识知晓率由项目实施前的58.94%提高到实施后的89.96%(χ2=179.48,P<0.01),平均提高了31.02%。中学生疟疾防治知识知晓率由项目实施前的52.83%提高到实施后的86.06%(χ2=196.64,P<0.01),平均提高了33.23%。居民疟疾防治知识知晓率由项目实施前的56.74%提高到实施后的83.89%(χ2=1 281.70,P<0.01),平均提高了27.15%。项目实施后,3类人群的所有指标正确率均高于实施前";疟疾传播途径"、"疟疾主要症状"、"发生疟疾找医生"3项指标正确率均高于80%,而"预防疟疾方法"正确率仍不足50%。结论实施全球基金疟疾项目提高了重庆市人群疟疾知晓率,但仍应加强预防疟疾的宣传,提高普通人群对疟疾防治的意识。

Objective To evaluate the effects of knowledge about malaria after the implementation of Global Fund Malaria Project in Chongqing for future prevention and treatment of malaria. Methods Four counties were selected from the counties of Global Fund Malaria Project of Chongqing. Three towns were randomly selected in each selected county; one primary school and one high school were investigated in each selected town; one class was randomly selected in each selected school; and 30 students in each selected class were randomly selected. Then, three villages were randomly selected in each selected county; one group of villagers were randomly selected in each selected village; and 200 local residents were randomly investigated in each selected villager group. Before and after implementation of Global Fund Malaria Project, their awareness of malaria was investigated using a questionnaire. Results After implementation of the project, the pupils’ average awareness rate of knowledge about malaria rose from 58.94% to 89.96% （χ^2179.48, P〈0.01） with average increase of 31.02%; the middle school students’ average awareness rate of rose from 52.83% to 86.06% （χ^2196.64, P〈0.01） with average increase of 33.23%; the local residents’ average awareness rate of knowledge about malaria rose from 56.74% to 83.89% （χ^21 281.70, P〈0.01） with average increase of 27.15%. The accuracies of all respondents after project implement was higher than before. After the implementation, the accuracies of malaria transmission route, main clinical symptoms, and seeing doctor while malaria occurring were all above 80%, but the accuracy of the index of best preventive methods was less than 50%. Conclusion The implementation of Global Fund Malaria Project in Chongqing increase the awareness rate of malaria knowledge but the relevant education should be strengthened, so as to promote general population’s awareness of malaria prevention.