不同填充材料在修复羊椎体内骨缺损的吸收与成骨特性

Different filling materials in the repair of bone defects in sheep vertebrae with characteristics of the bone absorption and formation

目的 观察不同填充材料在修复羊椎体内骨缺损中的吸收与成骨特性.方法 采用成年健康山羊6只,每只羊的L1-6椎体分为4组,分别填充羊同种异体骨、丙烯酸树脂骨水泥及CemOsteticTM人工骨浆,T12椎体空腔未填充作为空白对照.于术后4、8、12周分别处死2只山羊,取出椎体组织块,制备为脱钙组织切片,行苏木素-伊红（HE）染色并进行组织学观察.结果 通过大体观察,羊腰椎椎弓根深度为（13.1±1.3）mm、横径为（16.9±1.5） mm、矢状径为（12.8-±1.3） mm、椎体高度为（29.8±1.6） mm.所有羊均成活,通过组织学观察发现,在12周时,空白对照组缺损处为纤维结缔组织结构,内无骨小梁结构;羊同种异体骨组缺损内吸收明显,有大量骨小梁及成骨细胞;丙烯酸树脂骨水泥组骨水泥-骨小梁界面可见大量缺损存在,周围可见大量炎性细胞;Cem-OsteticTM人工骨浆组可见散乱的骨小梁,周围有大量成骨细胞和破骨细胞.结论 除丙烯酸树脂骨水泥组外,其余两种材料填充椎体内骨缺损处均可见生物降解性及成骨性存在,其中同种异体骨在成骨方面较为显著.

Objective To observe the characteristics of the bone absorption and formation with different filling material in the repair of bone defects in sheep vertebral body.Methods In 6 adult healthy goats,the L1-6 vertebral bodies were divided into four groups：sheep allogeneic bone group,acrylic bone cement group,and Cem-OsteticTM artificial bone group.T12 vertebral body was not filled as a blank control.Two goats at 4th,8th and 12th week were executed respectively,the vertebral bodies were removed to prepare the decalcified tissue sections,and the hematoxylin and eosin （HE） staining was done for histological observation.Results By gross observation,sheep pedicle depth was （13.1 ± 1.3） mm,diameter （16.9 ± 1.5） mm,sagittal diameter （12.8-± 1.3） mm,and vertebral height （29.8-± 1.6） mm.All animals survived.At 12th week,the fibrous connective tissue structure could be seen,and none of trabecular bone structure was found histologically in blank control group.In sheep allogeneic bone group,there was significant absorption in the defects,and there were a large number of osteoblasts and trabeculae bone.In acrylic bone cement group,the cement-trabecular bone interface showed a large number of defects which were surrounded by a large number of inflammatory cells.In the Cem-OsteticTM artificial bone group,scattered trabeculae were seen in the defects,which were surrounded by a large number of osteoblasts and osteoclasts.Conclusion Except acrylic bone cement,biodegradation and osteogenesis can be seen in the defects of vertebral bodies filled with other two kinds of materials.Moreover,the obsteogenesis of the allograft bone is more significant.