阻燃剂对沥青与沥青混合料性能的影响

Influence of Flame Retardant on Technical Performances of Asphalt and Asphalt Mixture

为了揭示阻燃剂种类和掺量对沥青与沥青混合料性能的影响规律,合理选择阻燃剂种类和掺量,首先采用极限氧指数和动态剪切试验分析了阻燃剂种类和掺量对沥青性能的影响;然后采用锥形量热仪试验,研究了阻燃剂对沥青混合料阻燃性能与路用性能的影响。结果表明:4种阻燃剂均提高了沥青车辙因子,降低了其延度,提高了抗老化性能,且降低了老化后软化点和延度降幅,DBDPO溴类、DPDPE溴类和APP膨胀类阻燃沥青极限氧指数较高;阻燃沥青混合料具有良好的高温稳定性、低温抗裂性和水稳定性,提高了引燃指数,降低了烟释放量,其中DBDPO溴类、DPDPE溴类和APP膨胀类阻燃剂阻燃效果较好,ATH无机类阻燃剂抑烟效果较好;阻燃剂提高了沥青及沥青混合料高温性能,降低了其低温性能。

In order to find out the influences of type and mixing amount of flame retardant on the technical performances of asphalt and asphalt mixture, and to select flame retardant type and dosage reasonably, firstly the influences of type and mixing amount of flame retardant on the technical performance of asphalt were studied based on limiting oxygen index and with dynamic shear test, then the influences of different flame retardants on the technical performance of asphalt mixture were studied with cone calorimeter test. The results show that all the 4 flame retardants can increase the values of rut factor and the anti-aging properties, but decrease the values of ductility and the level of softening point and ductility amplitude after aging of asphalt. The limiting oxygen indexes of DBDPO, DPDPE and APP composite flame retardant asphalt are high, Flame retardant asphalt mixture has good high-temperature stability, low-temperature crack resistance and water stability. Flame retardant can increase the ignition index of asphalt mixture, and decrease the smoke production rate. The flame retardant effects of DBDPO, DPDPE and APP composite flame retardant are fine, however the smoke suppression effect of ATH is better. Flame retardant can improve the high-temperature performances of asphalt and asphalt mixture significantly, but reduce the low-temperature performances.