冠心病患者医院感染的相关因素分析及其干预措施

Related factors for nosocomial infections in coronary heart disease patients and intervention measures

目的分析冠心病患者医院感染的相关因素,对其临床资料进行调查分析,探讨有效地干预措施。方法回顾性分析2010年4月-2013年4月2392例冠心病住院患者的临床资料,采用SPSS10.0数据包对统计数据进行统计处理。结果医院感染部位以呼吸道感染为主占59.42%,其次为泌尿道占18.84%,消化道占14.49%,皮肤软组织占7.25%;69例医院感染患者均检出病原菌,共分离鉴定82株病原菌,其中病原菌主要为革兰阴性菌占56.10%,其次为革兰阳性菌占31.71%,真菌占12.19%;医院感染与患者的年龄、住院时间、侵入性操作、合并糖尿病等因素相关。结论加强冠心病患者基础疾病治疗,提高机体抵抗力,缩短住院时间,尽量减少侵入性治疗,合理应用抗菌药物,针对医院感染危险因素给予适宜的护理,有利于减少冠心病患者医院感染。

OBJECTIVE To analyze the related factors for nosocomial infections in the patients with coronary heart diseases and investigate the clinical data of the patients so as to put forward effective intervention measures. METHODS The clinical data of the patients with coronary heart disease who were hospitalized from Apr 2010 to Apr 2013 were retrospectively analyzed, then the data were statistically analyzed with the use of SPSS10. 0 software. RESULTS The patients with respiratory tract infections accounted for 59.42%, the patients with urina- ry tract infections 18.84%, the patients with gastrointestinal tract infections 14.49%, the patients with skin and soft tissue infections 7.25%. A total of 82 strains of pathogens have been isolated from 69 cases of nosocomial infections, among which the gram-negative bacteria accounted for 56.10 %, the gram-positive bacteria 31.71%, the fungi 12.19%. The incidence of nosocomial infections was related to the age, hospitalization duration, invasive operation, and complication of diabetes. CONCLUSION It is an effective way to strengthen the treatment of underlying diseases, improve the immunity, shorten the hospitalization duration, reduce the frequency of invasive operation, reasonably use antibiotics, and conduct appropriate nursing in accordance with the risk factors so as to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections in the patients with coronary heart disease.