先天性巨细胞病毒感染研究新进展

New progress of the study of congenital cytomegalovirus infection

人巨细胞病毒（HCMV）是 β 疱疹病毒家族中最大的病毒之一，在世界范围均有较高的感染率。HCMV是引起先天性感染最常见的病毒，感染全世界约1% 的新生儿，往往导致神经系统后遗症，对儿童的健康成长带来很大的影响。低毒高效抗病毒药物及疫苗的缺乏和社会大众对 HCMV 的关注度偏低，是造成高发病率的主要原因。现就近年来对先天性HCMV感染现状、诊疗、预防及远期随访等方面的进展作一综述。

Human Cytomegalovirus （HCMV） is one of the biggest viruses belonging to the 13 human herpesvirus family, which has a high infection rate around the world. HCMV is the most common cause of congenital virus infection,it has infected about 1% of all births around worldwide, and it often leads to the subsequent neurologic sequelae, which bring great influence on children＇s healthy growth. The primary causes of the high morbidity of congenital HCMV infection are the lack of the low toxicity and high efficiency antivirus drugs and vaccines, as well as the lower public awareness to congenital HCMV infection. The current situation, diagnosis and treatment, precaution and long-term follow-up of congenital CMV infection were summarized.