无线传感器网络中能量多路径路由协议的优化

Optimization of energy multi-path routing protocol in wireless sensor networks

以增加实时性、延长无线传感网生存期为目标,在能量多路径路由协议的基础上,提出了改进方法。原协议是在多条路径中选择能耗最低的作为最优路径,由于其通信能耗的计算涉及到节点的剩余能量,导致计算结果会偏离实际能耗,选择的路径会与实际最优路径不一致。改进的算法计算出路径的实际能耗,用跳数作为度量实现网络实时性的控制,选择较低实际能耗、较高节点剩余能量和具有实时性的路径作为最优路径。研究表明,该协议在选择路径时充分考虑到节点剩余能量,有助于均衡消耗整个网络能量,具有实时性,可以降低数据传输延时,提高传输效率。

To increase the real-time performance and prolong the lifecycle of wireless sensor networks, an improved method for energy multi-path routing protocol is proposed on the basis of the original energy multi-path routing protocol. In the original protocol, a path which has the lowest energy consumption is chosen as the optimal one. Because of the calculation of energy consumption related to the rest energy of nodes, the selected path by the results cannot be the consonant with the actual optimal path. Having calculated real energy consumption, the im-proved method uses routing hops as the metric to realize the network control in real-time, and chooses low real energy consumption, high-residual energy and a real-time path as the optimal path. Research shows that the improved method considers residual energy of nodes to consume network energy in balance, which meets the requirement of real-time performance, reduces the network transmission delay and improves the transmission efficiency.