金黄色葡萄球菌临床分布及耐药情况分析

Clinical distribution and drug resistance of staphylococcus aureus (SAU) in hospital

目的：了解我院金黄色葡萄球菌的临床分布特点及耐药情况,为临床合理选用抗生素提供依据.方法：采用VITEK2-compact型全自动细菌分析仪,对2012年1月~2012年12月临床标本中分离的金黄色葡萄球菌进行鉴定和药敏试验,同时进行耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）的筛查.结果：临床标本中分离出金黄色葡萄球菌389株,标本类型包括痰、伤口脓液和血液等.痰液是MRSA检出率最高的标本类型.不同病区分离的金黄色葡萄球菌耐药率不同,新生儿及儿科患者分离的金黄色葡萄球菌的耐药率最低,急诊科及ICU分离的金黄色葡萄球菌耐药率最高.检出的MRSA对大环内酯类、氨基糖苷类、喹诺酮类抗菌药呈多重耐药.未发现耐万古霉素和利奈唑胺的金黄色葡萄球菌.结论：MRSA分离率高,对大多数抗菌药物耐药,应合理选用抗生素进行治疗,减少耐药株的产生.

Objective To investigate the current status about clinical distribution and drug resistance of staphylococcus aurcus （SAU） in hospital, to provide basis for reasonable use of antibiotics in clinics. Method The staphylococcus aurens strains isolated from clinics were collected from January to December in 2012. Identification of MRSA and drug susceptibility test were performed by VITEK2 - compact auto- matic analysis system. Results Sputum, pus, blood, and secretions samples were the main source of SAU. The highest detection rats of MR- SA was from sputum. Resistance rates of SAU strains were different in different areas. The lowest antimicrobial resistance rate of aureus to common antimicrobials was in neonatal unit and pediatrics and the highest was in ICU. Continuous monitoring showed that MRSA were multi - drug resistant to macrolides, aminoglycosidcs and qulnolones. No vancomycln - resistant strains and Linczolid - resistant strains were de- tected in 389 strains of S. aureus. Conclusion MRSA separation rate is high. MRSA is resistant to most antibiotics. Perfect antibiotics are used for treatment to reduce antimlcrobial resistance.