旅游者的碳消费效用评价研究

The Utility Evaluation Research of Tourist's Carbon Consumption

旅游业被誉为资源节约型和环境友好型产业,但在全球日益增大的碳减排压力下,其碳排放也得到了广泛的关注。旅游业的碳排放与旅游者的消费选择紧密相关,如果能够确定每种单位旅游商品或服务的碳排放标准,则可以从碳消费的角度对旅游者的效用进行评价。本研究根据西方经济学的相关理论,将旅游者的商品消费转化为其对碳的消费,建立了旅游者的碳消费效用一般评价模型,以旅游交通产品为例进行了效用均衡分析,并给出了此模型下的碳减排对策建议。本研究还结合旅游业、旅游产品和旅游消费的特点,将旅游消费习惯和低碳旅游观念作为内生变量纳入到旅游者的碳消费效用函数中,在此基础上分别建立了旅游消费习惯内生的碳消费效用评价模型和低碳旅游观念内生的碳消费效用评价模型,并分别在这两个模型下对旅游者的碳消费效用均衡问题进行了分析,为旅游者的碳减排提出了相应的对策。

The tourism industry has been described as a resouree-saving and environment-friendly industries. But the carbon emissions of tourism industry has become a hot spot with the increasing pressure of carbon emission reduction in world. The carbon emissions of tourism industry is closely related to the choice of tourist. We can evaluate the utility of tourist from the angle of carbon eonsumption if we get the carbon emission standards for each unit of tourist commodities or services. In this paper, we establish three models according to the relevant theory of economics and the characteristics of tourism industry,tourism products, and tourism eonsumption, whieh are the general evaluation model of utility evaluation of tourist＇s carbon consumption ,the evaluation model with endogenous variables of tourism consumption habits, and the evaluation model with endogenous variables of the concept of low-carbon tourism. At last, this paper analyzes the problem of carbon consumption utility equilibrium for tourist, and puts forward some countermeasures to carbon emission reduction.