不同灌水量对棉花光合特性的影响

Influence of different irrigation water on photosynthetic characteristics of cotton

为了探寻南疆节水高产棉花种植的最佳生育期灌水量。通过对棉花进行不同灌水量控制试验,研究了不同灌水量对棉花光合特性的影响。结果显示:随着灌水量的增加,棉花叶片光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率均呈现先增加后减弱的趋势,不同灌水量对棉花光合作用大小依次为T2(4 500 m3/hm2)>T3(5 250 m3/hm2)>T4(6 000 m3/hm2)>T1(3 750 m3/hm2),棉花光合速率最大出现在花期,当灌水量为4 500 m3/hm2(T2)时,净光合速率日平均值达到18.33μmol/m2·s。适宜的灌水量可以提高光合速率,是节水高产棉花的重要保证。

In order to explore the best irrigation amount of water for water-saving and high yield of cotton in South Xinjiang, this paper researched the influence of different irrigation amount on photosynthetic characteristics of cotton. It turned out that with the increase of irrigation water, cotton leaf photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate showed a trend of decrease after the first increase. The effect of different irrigation amount on cotton photosynthesis was as follows： T2 （4 500 m3/hm2）〉 T3 （5 250 m3/hm2）〉 T4 （6 0130 m3/hm2）〉 T1 （3 750 m3/hm2）. The largest cotton photosynthetic rate appeared in flowering phase. When the irrigation amount was 4 500 m3/hm2 （T2）, the average net photosynthetic rate in the day achieved 18.33μ mol/（ml·s）. Appropriate irrigation water can raise the photosynthetic rate,which is the important guarantee for water-saving and high yield of cotton.