多维视域下翻译能力结构体系的认知阐释

The Structural System of Translation Competence: A Multidimensional Vision

翻译能力的内涵特质表明,双语语言能力是译者从事翻译活动的基础,但不是翻译能力的全部。翻译能力中存在一种具体特殊的能力,这种能力贯穿翻译转换的全过程,是翻译转换的基本核心能力,体现了译者主体的心理认知特性。在翻译转换过程中,这种能力越强,越能寻找到话语间的最佳关联,从而获得语境效果,帮助译者在译入语中找到最有效的表达方式。因此,翻译能力结构体系呈现多维性,是译者双语语言能力、双语文化能力、翻译认知能力等结构因素相互作用、相互影响的体现。

Based on the relevant theoretical viewpoints of psychology, linguistics and applied linguistics, this paper gives a multidimensional exploration of the connotation, characteristics and structural factors of translation competence. This study points out that translation competence can not be simply equated with bilingual language skills. During translation process a specific translation competence exists. It belongs to the basic core competence with cognitive nature. Specifically the stronger the core competence is, the more to find the best correlation between dis- courses to gain contextual effects and to help the translator to find the most effective forms of expression. Therefore, the structural system of translation competence is a multidimensional interaction of bilingual competence, bicultural competence and translation cognitive competence.