易肇事肇祸精神分裂症患者临床特征分析

Analysis on the clinical characteristics of the schizophrenia to make troubles and accidents likely

目的探讨易肇事肇祸精神分裂症(SP)患者临床特征,为有效预防控制SP患者肇事肇祸提供科学依据。方法随机抽取该院精神科易肇事肇祸(研究组)和普通住院(对照组)SP患者各100例资料,进行回顾性调查分析,比较两组一般资料、病情资料和精神症状等方面的差别。结果研究组中男性、20~39岁、无配偶、低学历、农村、农民、无医保、家庭经济和社会支持较差的患者比例较对照组高(P<0.05);研究组偏执型、合并躯体疾病的比例和阳性与阴性综合征量表(PANSS)阳性因子积分较对照组高,但PANSS阴性因子积分较对照组低、病程相对较短、住院次数相对较少(P<0.05);研究组幻觉、妄想等阳性症状出现比例较对照组高,但回避社交和情感迟钝等阴性症状出现比例较对照组低(P<0.05)。结论阳性精神症状是SP患者肇事肇祸动因,男性、青壮年、无配偶、低学历、农村、农民、偏执型SP患者更易肇事肇祸;社会支持和家庭经济状况较差、无医疗保险,会增加肇事肇祸概率。

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics of the patients with schizophrenia to make troubles and accidents likely, to provide scientific evidence for preventing and controlling these patients to make troubles and accidents effectively. Methods 100 patients with schizophrenia to make troubles and accidents likely were randomly extracted and assigned to the study group from psychiatric department of this hospital. 100 ordinary patients were divided into control group. Their data on illness were surveyed and analyzed retrospectively. The difference of the general condition and illness data along with mental symptoms between the both group were compared. Results The proportion of patients to be man peasant,in rural area,no a spouse and medical insurance, to have a lower degree of culture and to be 20--39 years old in the study group was significantly higher than those in the control group（P〈0.05）. The social support and economic conditions of family in the study group were significantly poorer than those in the control group（P〈0.05）. The proportion of patients to be paranoid schizophrenia,to have a complications and the positive score of the positive and negative syndrome scale （PANSS） in the study group were significant higher than those in the control group but the negative score of PANSS and the course of disease were significantly lower（P^0.05）. The proportion of patients to have posi- tive symptoms such as illusion and delusion in the study group were significantly higher than that in the control group（P〈0. 05）. But the proportion of patients to have negative symptoms such as avoid social and emotional dull in the study group were significantly lower than that in the control group（P〈0.05）. Conclusion The positive symptoms contribute to making troubles and accidents in SP patients. The patients to be paranoid schizophrenia,a man and peasant,in prime of life,in rural area,no a spouse and to have a lower degree of culture maybe make troubles and accidents more likely. Having a poor social support and economic conditions of family and no medical insurance cause the probability of their making troubles and accidents increase.