山东省1992年至2011年艾滋病流行特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of acquired immune deficiency syndrome in Shandong Province from 1992to 2011

目的分析山东省AIDS的流行特征，为其预防控制提供依据。方法对1992年至2011年山东省报告的HIV感染者和AIDS患者（HIV／AIDS）的流行病学资料进行统计分析。结果1992年至2011年累计报告HIV／AIDS患者4313例；年均报告发病率为2．39／100万，历年报告发病率呈上升趋势；报告发病率居前5位的城市是济南市、青岛市、淄博市、潍坊市和威海市，分别为5．72／100万、4．39／100万、3．29／100万、3．10／100万和3．02／100万；报告男性年均发病率为3．74／100万，高于女性的1．39／100万，差异有统计学意义（X2=743．96，P〈0．05）；20岁年龄组发病率最高，为5．56／100万；57．18％为性传播感染，同性传播感染数占当年报告病例数的构成比由2004年的1．82％上升到2011年的37．49％。结论山东省AIDS疫情形势严峻，地区分布不平衡，性传播为主要传播途径，同性传播增加明显。

Objective To investigate the epidemiologieal characteristics of acquired immune deficiency syndrome （AIDS） in Shandong Province, and to provide scientific evidence for formulating prevention and control strategy and carrying out effective measures. Methods Epidemiological data of reported human immunodeficiency virus （HIV） infection and AIDS cases （HIV/AIDS） in Shandong Province from 1992 to 2011 were analyzed. Results A total of 4313 cases of HIV/AIDS were confirmed and reported by the end of 2011, with an average incidence of 2.39 parts per million （ppm） annually. An upward trend was showed for annual reported incidence. The top 5 cities of incidence were Ji＇nan, Qingdao, Zibo, Weifang and Weihai, which were 5.72 ppm, 4.39 ppm, 3.29 ppm, 3.10 ppm and 3. 02 ppm, respectively. The average annual reported incidence was 3. 74 ppm for male, which was significantly higher than that for female （1.39 ppm; X2 =743.96, P〈0.05）. The reported incidence was highest among 20- 29 age group （5.56 ppm）, with 57.18% of homosexual transmission. The proportion of homosexual transmission in annual reported cases increased from 1.82% in 2004 to 37. 49% in 2011. Conclusions The epidemic situation of AIDS in Shandong Province is severe, with unbalanced geographical distribution. Sexual transmission is the main route of transmission, and cases of homosexual transmission increase sharply.