708例腹泻患者粪标本病毒检测及临床特点

Clinical and etiological analysis of 708 diarrheal cases

目的了解成人散发性腹泻病毒感染情况，为临床防治提供依据。方法收集上海市第五人民医院肠道门诊2012年5月至2013年4月腹泻患者粪便标本708份，送上海市闵行区疾病预防控制中心采用反转录（RT）-PCR进行病毒检测。统计学处理采用Pearson卡方检验和Fisher确切概率检验。结果708份粪便标本中，检出诺如病毒GI型7份，占0．99％；诺如病毒GⅡ型150份，占21．19％；轮状病毒21份，占2．97％；星状病毒3份，占0．42％；腺病毒4份，占0．56％。男性腹泻患者感染诺如病毒GⅡ占26．80％，高于女性的15．32％，差异有统计学意义（X2＝13．957，P〈0．01）。结论本组腹泻患者粪便标本检测结果以诺如病毒GⅡ型多见，男性高于女性，其次为轮状病毒、星状病毒和腺病毒感染。本组成人腹泻病例病程短，预后良好。

Objective To explore the viral pathogens of adult sporadic diarrhea, and to provide a theoretical basis for the clinical prevention and treatment. Methods A total of 708 stool samples were collected from diarrheal patients in Enteric Diseases Clinic of Fifth People＇s Hospital of Shanghai from May 2012 to April 2013. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction （RT PCR） assay was used for detection of viruses in Minhang District Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Shanghai. Pearson chi square test and Fisher exact test were used for statistical analysis. Results Norovirus G I was present in 0. 99% （7/708） of cases; Norovirus G I was present in 21.19% （150/708） of eases; Rotavirus was present in 2. 97% （21/708） of cases; Astrovirus was present in 0.42% （3/708） of cases; Adenovirus was present in 0.56% （4/708） of cases. Incidence of Norovirus GⅡ was significantly higher in males （26.80%） than in females （15.32%, X2 = 13. 957, P〈0.01）. Conclusions Norovirus G Ⅱ is common etiologic agent of adult sporadic diarrhea, with incidence rate higher in males than in females. Other less common viral pathogens include Rotavirus, Astrovirus and Adenovirus, which are all with short disease duration and good prognosis.