大学生身体活动变化阶段与能量消耗关系研究

The Relation of Change in Physical Activity Stages to the Energy Consumption in College Students

本文基于锻炼心理学领域中的"从无活动到保持活动的四步骤模型"(Four Steps from Inactivity to Activity;FIT模型),以3807名大学生为研究对象,考察了大学生身体活动变化阶段与各阶段对应的每周能耗量之间的关系。研究结果表明:(1)大学生各阶段平均每周身体活动能耗量依次为:前考虑期188.30千卡、考虑期319.30千卡、准备期586.84千卡、波动期1270.73千卡、探索期1604.44千卡和保持期1862.59千卡。变化阶段与能耗的相关性有统计学意义(r=0.627,P<0.001)。(2)不同阶段、不同年级大学生的每周身体活动能耗量存在显著性差异。低年级大学生在考虑期、准备期和波动期的每周能耗量均显著高于高年级,男大学生在保持期和波动期的每周能耗量均显著高于女大学生。(3)每两个相邻阶段的能耗量均有显著性差异,且前考虑期、考虑期和准备期三个不活动阶段的每周身体活动能耗水平均显著小于800千卡(世界卫生组织欧洲地区身体活动推荐最低标准)。波动期、探索期和保持期三个活动阶段的每周身体活动能耗水平均显著大于800千卡。本研究验证了身体活动变化阶段与每周能耗量的对应关系,为考察FIT模型身体活动阶段测量的效度提供了初步的实证性支持。

Based on the FIT Model （Four Steps from Inactivity to Activity）,this study investigated the relationship between change in physical activity （PA）stages and stage-specific energy consumption per week of 3807 Chinese college students （age = 19.11 _＋ 1.34 yrs, ）. The results revealed that （1）PA energy consumptions per week of the students in various stages were 188.30 kcal （not-considering）, 319.30 kcal （considering）, 586.84 kcal （preparing）, 1270.73 kcal （fluctuating）, 1604.44 kcal （exploring）, and 1862.59 kcal （maintaining）,respectively. The correlation between stages of change and energy consumption was significant （r = 0.627,P 〈 0.001）; （2）Energy consumption per week varied significantly from stage to stage and grade to grade. Compared to students from higher grade ,students from lower grade had higher energy consumption per week on the considering ,preparing and fluctuating stages. Meanwhile,male students on the maintaining and fluctuating stages had higher energy consumption per week than female. （3） There were significant differences between adjacent stages in terms of energy consumption. Furthermore,the amount of energy consumption per week on three ＂inactive＂ stages （not-considering,considering and preparing） was lower than 800 kcal （the lowest PA recommendation criterion of WHO in European region）; whereas the amount of energy consumption per week on three ＂active＂ stages （fluctuating,exploring and maintaining）was higher than 800 kcal. This study verified the corresponding relationship between consumption per week,supporting the validity of FIT conditions. change in physical activity stages and energy for measuring physical activity under various