稳定性自然杀伤性T细胞调节自身免疫性疾病作用机制的研究进展

The mechanism of invariant natural killer T cells in regulating autoimmune diseases

研究证实，自然杀伤性T（NKT）细胞在多种自身免疫性疾病中参与免疫应答过程，但NKT细胞在调控系统调节致病性辅助T（Th）细胞方面的作用机制目前尚不完全清楚。近年来的研究发现，Th17细胞与多种自身免疫性疾病的发病有关，与以往的研究认为Th1、Th2亚群在自身免疫性疾病中起主要作用的结果有所不同，Th17亚群的作用可能比Th1更为重要。无论体外研究还是体内研究，稳定性NKT（iNKT）细胞都能抑制CD4’T细胞向Th1细胞和Th17细胞的分化，但抑制Th1细胞、Th17细胞分化的作用机制是不同的。就NKT细胞的概念、自身免疫性疾病中NKT细胞对Th1细胞、Th17细胞的调控作用的研究进展进行综述。

Studies demonstrated that natural killer T （NKT） cells are involved in the diverse immunomodulatory responses. But the mechanism that NKT cells regulate pathogenic T helper ceils （Th） are still unclear. Recent researches found that Th17 ceils are associated with a variety of autoimmune disease and play a crucial role in autoimmune diseases,which is very different from previous thesis that Th1 and Th2 are the key factors in the immune response in the patients with autoimmune disease. Studies both in vitro and in vivo also documented that invariant NKT cells （iNKT） inhibit the differentiation of CD4＋ T cells toward Thl and Th17 cells at the different mechanisms. The concept of NKT cells,the regulation of NKT cells to Thl and Th17 cells in the autoimmune diseases were reviewed.