农村养老方式的变迁研究

Investigation of the Life Quality and Old-age Insurance of the Rural Senior Citizens

"老有所养"是传统农业社会的理想,家庭养老是通往这一理想的现实路径。目前,我国农村的养老方式正在发生深刻的变迁。本文即以内蒙古五原县W村为例,在描述农村家庭养老功能蜕变的现实困境以及农村家庭内部调适策略的基础上,总结当前农村家庭养老的基本模式。通过研究发现,我国农村家庭代际支持结构发生了根本性的变化,已经由"反馈模式"转变为"弱反馈模式";在观念层面,"养儿防老"正在过渡为"老人自养"。

＂Providing the elderly with a sense of security＂ is the ideal of traditional agricultural socie- ty, and family support is the way to realize it. Currently, the way of supporting the old in the rural China is undergoing profound changes. This article takes W village in Wuyuan County, Inner Mongolia as a case to describe the practical difficulties of rural family support transformation and internal coping strategies of the families, based on which to summarize the current rural family support mode. The research shows that the intergenerational support structure of rural families has changed fundamentally from the ＂ feedback mode＂ to ＂weak feedback mode＂ ,and ＂raising children for old age support＂ is transiting into ＂self-support＂ at the locals ＇ concept level.