基于共振解调的铁路货车轴承故障诊断

Railway Wagon Bearing Fault Diagnosis Based on Resonance Demodulation

以铁路货车轴箱双列圆锥滚子轴承为研究对象,基于共振解调技术研究了早期故障精密诊断方法。首先在轮对跑合实验台上,采用压电加速度传感器、信号调理器和INV36DF型信号采集处理仪等搭建轴承故障测试系统,测量该类型轴承外圈和滚子存在轻微故障时的振动信号,然后通过带通滤波、包络解调和频谱分析等方法,准确提取出了轴承外圈和滚子的故障特征频率。研究结果表明,利用这种方法可以消除系统噪声干扰,能有效诊断出轴承外圈和滚子的轻微损伤。该方法对于铁路货车轴承的早期故障诊断具有较好的理论意义和实际应用价值。

Taking railway freight axle box double row tapered roller bearing as the research object , early faults diagnosis method precision is studied based on the technology of resonant demodulation. First, bearing failure testing system is set up with piezoelectric acceleration sensor, signal conditioning, INV36DF type signal collection and processing device structures on the wheel to run and experimental bench to measure vibration sig- nals of this type of bearing outer ring and roller which has slight fault. Then the fault characteristic frequency of bearing outer ring and roller is extracted accurately through band-pass filter, envelope demodulation, and spec- trum analysis method. Research results show that this method can be used to eliminate noise interference, and can diagnose the slight injury of bearing outer ring and roller effectively. This method has good theoretical signifi- cance and practical application value for early fault diagnosis of railway freight bearing.