泰州市医学高职女生经前期综合征及其心理健康状况的调查研究

Investigation of premenstrual syndrome and psychological status among female medical students in Taizhou higher vocational college

目的 了解泰州市医学高职女生经前期综合征的现状,并探讨经前期综合征（PMS）与心理健康状况的关系.方法 采用症状严重程度每日记录量表（DRSP）和症状自评量表（SCL-90）对泰州职业技术学院医学技术学院2008、2009级女生832名进行间卷调查.DRSP主要反映情绪变化、症状体征和影响程度及精神状态;SCL-90主要统计躯体化、强迫、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、精神病性、其他等因子分.结果 ①泰州市医学高职女生经前期综合征的发生率为41.55％,其中,焦虑紧张、工作效率下降、注意力难以集中、情绪波动、社会活动积极性下降等发生比例较高;②“经前期1周”,PMS女生心理健康状况总分、强迫、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、偏执、精神病性、其他明显高于非PMS,差异有统计学意义（P＜ 0.05或＜0.01）;“经后4～7 d”,PMS人际关系、抑郁和焦虑高于非PMS,差异有统计学意义（P＜ 0.05或＜0.01）;PMS“经前期1周”的心理健康状况总分、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、偏执、精神病性明显高于“经后4～7 d”,差异有统计学意义（P＜ 0.05或＜0.01）;非PMS“经前期1周”和“经后4～7 d”心理健康状况大致相同,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.结论 经前期综合征与心理健康状况相互影响,是干扰高职女生身心健康的常见问题,应积极采取相应措施全面促进高职女生的身心健康发展.

Objective To study the present occurrence of premenstrual syndrome （PMS） among female medical students in higher vocational college,and to investigate the effect of the premenstrual syndrome on the psychological status.Methods Daily record of severity of problems （DRSP） and symptom check list-90 （SCL-90） were used in 832 female students in School of Medical Technology of Taizhou Polytechnic College.Emotional changes,symptoms and signs,the extent of influence and state of mind were reflected in DRSP and compulsion,interpersonal relationship,depression,anxiety,hostility,phobia,psychotic and other factors were counted in SCL-90.Results ①The incidence rate of PMS among female medical students in Taizhou higher vocational college was 41.55 percent.The proportion of anxiety and tension,work decrement,difficulty concentrating,emotional fluctuation,social activities enthusiasm decline were high.②During one week before menstruation,thetotal score of SCL-90 and factor scores of obsession,depression,anxiety,paranoid,interpersonal relationship and psychosis and others in PMS group were significantly higher than those in none PMS group （P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01）.4-7 days after menstruation,the factor scores of interpersonal relationship,depression and anxiety in PMS were significantly higher than in none PMS （P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01）.The scores of obsession,depression,anxiety,paranoid and psychosis during one week before menstruation were significantly higher than those 4-7 days after menstruation.In none PMS,there was no difference in psychological status between these two time periods （P 〉 0.05）.Conclusion PMS can interact with psychological status and it is a common problem which leads to physical and psychological health abnormality among female medical students.Active intervention should be carried out to promote physical and psychological health of female medical students.