老年颅脑损伤患者气管切开术后的气道护理方法探讨

On the Method of Airway Nursing after Tracheotomy in Elderly Patientswith Severe Craniocerebral Injuries

目的观察老年颅脑损伤患者气管切开术后不同的气道护理方法的临床效果。方法总结我院收治老年颅脑损伤患者52例资料,随机分为两组,术后持续滴入湿化气道护理的26例资料为观察组,间断雾化湿化气道护理的26例资料为对照组,护理后统计两组患者氧分压、二氧化碳分压、碱剩余和肺部感染情况,最后讨论老年颅脑损伤患者气管切开术后的临床护理方法。结果观察组护理后氧气分压(74.5±4.8),二氧化碳分压(37.2±3.3),碱剩余(1.5±1.2),明显优于对照组统计资料(P<0.05),另外,观察组有6例出现肺部感染情况(23.1%),明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论老年颅脑损伤患者气管切开术后给予氧气面罩吸氧基础上采取持续滴入湿化气道护理方法具有满意的效果。

Objective To observe the clinical effect of different airway nursing methods after tracheotomy in aged pa- tients with craniocerebral injuries. Method 52 cases of elderly patients with craniocerebral injury in our hospital were ran- domly divided into two groups. 26 cases nursed with continuous drip into the wet airway after operation were taken as the observation group, while 26 cases cared with intermittent atomization humidification of airway after operation were taken as the control group. The data on partial pressure of oxygen, partial pressure of carbon dioxide, base excess and pulmonary in- fection of patients in both groups were calculated after the implementation of nursing. Finally, the effect of clinical nursing after tracheotomy in elderly patients with craniocerebral injuries was discussed. Results After implementation of nursing, the partial pressure of oxygen （ 74. 5 -＋ 4. 8 ） , the partial pressure of carbon dioxide （ 37.2 ＋ 3.3 ） , and the base excess （ 1.5 ＋ 1.2） in the observation group were significantly better than those of the control group （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. In addition, there were 6 cases of pulmonary infection in the observation group （23.1% ） , which was significantly lower than that of the control group （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion Satisfactory results can be achieved by giving elderly patients with craniocerebral injury, after tracheotomy, continuous drip into wet airway on the basis of given mask oxygen.