常用化学消毒剂对金属腐蚀性的研究

Study on Metal Corrosion by Some Common lyused Chemical Disinfectants

目的 探索我国目前常用的医疗器械浸泡用化学消毒剂对不同质地金属材料的腐蚀性 ,为制订相应国家标准提供科学依据。方法 引用 GB10 12 4- 88方法对目前常用的 11种消毒液进行不锈钢、碳钢、铜和铝的 R值测定与分级 ,将 R<0 .0 1mm/ a的金属片在金相电子显微镜下实际腐蚀程度 ;选择两种器械消毒液对手术刀片等 5种医疗器械进行模拟现场试验。结果 各种化学消毒剂对不同金属 R值各不相同 ,以 OK器械消毒液的 R值最小 ;以金属种类分 ,其腐蚀性排序为铝 >碳钢 >铜 >不锈钢 ;以金星消毒液和 2 % OK器械消毒液浸泡手术刀片等 5种医疗器械 ,40天肉眼观察未见腐蚀性 ;在电子显微下观察 ,除金星消毒液浸泡的不锈钢片未见腐蚀外 ,其余 R<0 .0 1金属片均发现不同程度腐蚀孔。结论 选择化学消毒剂用于金属医疗器械浸泡消毒灭菌时应充分考虑其腐蚀性 ,以 R值 <0 .0 0 5判定为无腐蚀性不妥 。

OBJECTIVE To find out the corrosion of medical appliance made with varied metal materials by some commonly used chemical disinfect ants in order to provide the scientific bases for working out the State standards. METHODSTo determine the R value and classification of 11 sorts of commonly used disinfectants for stainless steel, carbon steel, copper and aluminium by citing GB10124 88 method. Observing metal piece actual corrosion estimated that R value less than 0.01 mm/a under metal electron microscope. Two disinfectants for medical appliance such as surgery knife slice were selected to simulate actual disinfecting test. RESULTS Varied chemical disinfectants had different metal R value. Corrosiveness of OK appliance liquid disinfectant was the least. Divided by sorts of metals, corrosion orders were aluminium>carbon steel>stainless steel. Five sorts of medical appliance such as surgery knife slice were selected to soak in Jingxin liquid disinfectant and 2% OK appliance liquid disinfectant. It was observed no corrosion by eyes after 40 days soaked. All steels soaked in selected disinfectants which R less than 0.01 were detected corrosive hole in some degree except for Jingxin liquid disinfectants soaked in stainless steel pieces. CONCLUSIONS It should be considered sufficiently their corrosion when chemical disinfectants used in metal soaked disinfecting and sterilizing. It was not appropriate to consider that there was no metal corrosion when R value less than 0.005. And that, it′s better to rely on observation results of electron microscopy to judge whether there was metal corrosiveness or not.