摘要
目的 为采用带蒂胸骨舌骨肌皮瓣修复气管瘘口提供解剖学参考资料。方法 在30侧成人尸体标本上观测了胸骨舌骨肌的形态、血供和神经支配。结果 肌长85.1±10.3mm;该肌有2～5支甲状腺上动脉分支供应,外径约为0.7mm,其中大部分(61.0％)从肌的外侧入肌,且在舌骨体下缘35.4±12.1mm处较为恒定;舌下神经袢(颈袢)约发出2支分布该肌,其上支在舌骨体下缘35.7±13.6mm处从胸骨舌骨肌的外侧入肌。结论 制备该肌皮瓣的蒂部应在舌骨体下缘40mm的范围内,亦可采用该肌的两端为蒂作翻转肌皮瓣修复管瘘口。
Objective In order to provide sternohyoid muscle flap anatomical data for the reparation of tracheal defect. Methods The shape, blood supply and nerve distribution of the sternohyoid muscle flap were observed on 30 sides of adult cadavers. Results The length of the muscle is 85.1±10.3mm.The muscle is supplied by 2-5 branches of superior thyroid artery, their average diameter is 0.7mm, and the greater parts of them(61.0%) enter the muscles mainly on the lateral surface, the stable position is 35.4±12.1mm distant from the inferior edge of hyoid bone. Two branches of the ansacervicalis of hypoylossal nerve innervating the muscle enter the muscle on the lateral surface, which is 35.7±13. 6mm distant from body of hyoidbone. Conclusion Preparation of base part of sternohyoid muscle flap should be within 40mm distant from body of hyoid bone, and this muscle can be used as a rotary-door muscle flap with retained muscular pedicle of both ends, and the tracheal defect is repaired with muscle flap.
