2011—2012年湖南省浏阳市手足口病流行病学特征及监测结果分析

Surveillance for hand foot and mouth disease in Liuyang,Hunan,2011-2012

目的 对湖南省浏阳市2011-2012年手足口病流行病学特征及监测结果进行分析，为制定预防措施提供参考依据。方法 收集《国家疾病报告信息管理系统》中相关的手足口病疫情监测资料，采用描述性流行病学方法进行综合分析。结果 2011-2012年全市共报告手足口病7627例，平均年发病率为296.36/10万，发病主要集中在5-6月和10-11月，占60.48%；男女性别比为1.70：1，男性发病率为369.33/10万，女性发病率为221.91/10万，差异有统计学意义（χ2=8.91，Ρ〈0.01）；发病以0~4岁婴幼儿童为主，占96.46%；职业以散居儿童为主，占81.69%；人口集中，流动人员较多的地区发病率高于山区，差异有统计学意义（χ2=27.08，Ρ〈0.01）；132例实验室检测病例中，肠道病毒71型、柯萨奇病毒A组16型、其他肠道病毒阳性检出率分别为43.18%、20.46%和36.36%。结论 浏阳市的手足口病发病有明显的季节性，存在年龄、性别、地区差异，今后的防控重点应为0~4岁的散居儿童。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of hand foot and mouth disease （HFMD） in Liuyang, Hunan province, and provide evidence for the development of HFMD prevention and control strategies. Methods The incidence data of HFMD in Liuyang during 2011 -2012 were collected from national disease reporting information system to conduct descriptive epidemiological analysis. Results A total of 7627 HFMD cases were reported, the average annual incidence was 296. 36/lakh. The cases mainly occurred during May-June and October- November, accounting for 60. 48% of the total. The male to female ratio of the cases was 1.70： 1. The incidence was 369. 33/lakh in males and 221.91/lakh in females, the difference was statistically significant （X2 = 8. 91, P 〈 0. 01 ）. The cases were mainly distributed in children aged 0 - 4 years, accounting for 96. 46% ; and in children outside child care settings, accounting for 81.69%. The incidence in areas with dense population and a large number of floating population was higher than that in mountain areas, the difference had statistical significance （X2 = 27. 08, P 〈 0.01 ）. Among 132 laboratory confirmed cases, EV71, Cox A16 and other enteric virus infections accounted for 43.18%, 20. 46% and 36. 36% respectively. Conclusion The incidence of HFMD in Liuyang has obvious seasonal, age, gender, regional differences. Children aged 0 - 4 years are the risk population.