2008—2011年内蒙古自治区手足口病流行特征分析

Epidemiology of hand foot and mouth disease in Inner Mongolia,2008-2011

目的 分析内蒙古自治区手足口病的流行病学特征，为预防和控制手足口病提供依据。方法 利用描述性流行病学方法对内蒙古自治区2008-2011年手足口病流行病学资料进行分析。结果 内蒙古自治区2008-2011年累计报告手足口病82-161例，其中重症病例616例，死亡22例；不同年份、不同季度和不同地区手足口病的发病率均不同；发病高峰主要集中在6-8月，比南方城市的高峰期推迟1~2个月；发病人群主要集中在1~5岁，占总发病数的82.33%；男性发病率高于女性，构成比为1.46：1，市区发病率高于旗县。结论 内蒙古自治区手足口病具有明显的时间、地域、人群流行特征，而且市区发病率高于旗县，因此短时间内易造成暴发与流行，提示应采取有效的预警监测，应急处置和宣传教育等措施来预防手足口病。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of hand foot and mouth disease （HFMD） in Inner Mongolia from 2008 to 2011 and provide evidence for the prevention and control of HFMD. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted on the incidence data of HFMD in Inner Mongolia during this period. Results A total of 82 161 HFMD cases were reported, including 616 severe cases and 22 deaths. The incidence varied with years, seasons and areas. The cases were reported all the year round. The incidence peak was during June-August, which was a 1 -2 months delay compared with southern China. The cases were mainly children aged 〈 5 years （82. 33% ）, and the incidence in males was higher than that in females, the male to female ratio of the cases was 1.46： 1, the incidence in urban area was higher then that in rural area. Conclusion In Inner Mongolia HFMD has obvious time, place and population distribution characteristics and the incidence in urban area is higher than that in rural area. There is the risk of HFMD outbreak in the near future, so it is necessary to conduct effective surveillance, health education and emergency response preparedness to prevent HFMD.