2006—2012年杭州市余杭区急性农药中毒流行病学特征分析

Epidemiology of acute pesticide poisoning in Yuhang,Hangzhou,2006-2012

目的了解杭州市余杭区农药中毒的发生原因及特点,为制定防控措施提供依据,减少农药中毒的发生。方法整理2006—2012年所有发生在该区的急性农药中毒报告卡,进行统计学分析。结果 2006—2012年共发生急性农药中毒825例,死亡32例,其中生产性农药中毒130例,死亡3例,非生产性农药中毒695例,死亡29例,非生产性农药中毒中非生产性自服(自杀)601例,占72.8%,死亡29例,占死亡例数的90.6%。生产性农药中毒男性高于女性,发生高峰在>50岁组,时间在第三季度;非生产性误服中男性高于女性,≤18岁和>60岁两组发生相对较多;非生产性自服(自杀)高峰发生在>18岁、>30岁和>40岁组的青壮年,另外>60岁组的发生率也较高(占10.4%),女性高于男性。中毒农药品种繁多,其中包括了多种国家禁止使用的农药。结论农药中毒已成为危害当地居民健康的公共卫生问题,要高度关注青壮年、女性和老年人的心理卫生,另外要加强农药的管制。

Objective To understand the causes and characteristics of pesticide poisoning in Yuhang, Hangzhou municipality, and provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of pesticide poisoning. Methods The incidence data of pesticide poisoning in Yuhang from 2006 to 2012 were collected and analyzed with SPSS13.0. Results A total of 825 cases of pesticide poisoning, including 32 deaths, were reported during this period, in which 130, including 3 deaths, belonged to occupational poisoning, 695 belonged to non-occupational poisoning. Among non- occupational poisoning cases, 601, including 29 deaths, were suicide cases （90. 6% ）. Occupational poisoning and mis- taking of pesticide mainly occurred in males, but suicide mainly occurred in females. The majority of occupational poisoning occurred in age group 〉50 years, while the suicide mainly occurred in age groups 〉 18 years, 〉 30 years and 〉 40 years, and mis-taking of pesticide mainly occurred in age groups ~〈 18 years and 〉 60 years. Occupational poisoning mainly occurred in the third quarter, but non-occupational poisoning had no obvious seasonality. Many kinds Of pesticides were involved, including those which are prohibited to use in China. Conclusion Pesticide poisoning has become a public health threat to local people. Comprehensive measures need to be taken for the management and control of pesticide. In addition, more attention should be paid to the mental health of young adults, females and the elderly.