温州市鹿城区居民健康素养调查分析

Health literacy among residents in Lucheng District,Wenzhou City

目的:了解温州市鹿城区居民健康素养现状及影响因素,为开展相关健康促进与教育工作提供依据。方法:通过多阶段随机抽样方法,对鹿城区440名居民进行问卷调查。结果:鹿城区居民具备健康素养的总体水平为17.05%,具备基本知识和理念的占26.14%,具备健康生活方式与行为的占8.41%,具备基本技能素养的占34.77%。从五类健康问题素养分析,具备科学健康观、传染病预防、慢性病预防、安全与急救及基本医疗素养的占比分别是44.32%、32.05%、17.27%、50.91%和48.64%。不同年龄段居民的总体健康素养水平存在差异(χ2=11.98,P<0.05),文化程度与家庭收入较高的健康素养水平也相对越高。结论:鹿城区居民总体健康素养虽有一定基础,但水平偏低,应针对健康素养中掌握较低的部分,重点开展健康促进与健康教育。

Objective To know about the status of health literacy and its influencing factors among residents of Lucheng District, Wenzhou city, and to provide basis for health promotion and education. Methods By means of multi- stage random sampling,440 residents from Lucheng District were selected and investigated with health literacy questionnaires. Results The overall level of health literacy was 17.05 % among residents of Lucheng District. The health literacy levels of basic health concept and knowledge, health lifestyle and behaviors and health related skills were 26. 14%,8.41% ,34.77% respectively,then scientific concept of health, epidemic prevention,chronic disease prevention, first aid and basic medical literacy analyzed from 5 aspects of health literacy were 44.32 %, 32.05 %, 17.27 %, 50.91% and 48. 64%. We found that levels of health literacy were different with the ages of residents （Х^2= 11.98,P〈0.05）, and literacy level increased relatively with education degree and family income as well. Conclusions Health literacy of the residents of Lucheng District is in a relatively low condition. The key of health promotion and health education should be aimed at its weak part.