假想伙伴对5～6岁儿童守恒能力发展的影响

Influences of imaginary companions on the 5 - 6 years old children＇s conservation ability

目的研究比较5～6岁儿童，有假想伙伴的与没有假想伙伴的儿童在守恒能力发展上是否有区别。方法随机选取了50名5～6岁被试儿童。首先采取“双向访谈法”进行了假想伙伴的判定，随后进行了守恒任务的施测。结果在50名被试儿童中，有17名存在假想伙伴。在对守恒能力发展的影响上，假想伙伴的主效应显著（F（1,49）-13．241，P〈0．01），假想伙伴和年龄的交互作用显著（F（1,49）6．152，P〈0．05），假想伙伴在5岁组上的简单效应显著（F（1,46）-13．868，P〈0．01）。结论假想伙伴有可能是促进儿童思维能力发展的重要因素。

Objective To compare the children＇s conservation ability between who have or don＇t have the imaginary companions （ICS）. Methods 50 children aged 5-6 years old were selected randomly,the method called＂double-interview process＂ was used to determine the children who had the psychological phenomenon called Ics. Secondly all the children were given three conservation tasks to test their developing level of the conservation ability. Results The rate of ICS was 34 （17/50）. The main impact of ICS was obvious（F〉 --13.241, P〈0.01 ）, the interaction of ICS and age was obvious（F（1,49）6. 152,P〈0.05） ,the simple impact of the ICS was obvious in the 5 years old group（F（1,49）,13. 868,P〈0.01）. Con-clusion Imaginary companions may be one of the important factrs which can improve the children＇s ability of conservation and mav has a DOsitive irnnct nn the children＇s cogitation development.