甜菜(Beta vulgaris L.)生长阶段植株中铜素含量变化与其吸收性能特点的研究

Contents and uptake capacities of copper in sugar beet at different growth stages

以6个品种的甜菜为材料,研究了生长阶段植株中铜素含量变化与吸收性能的特点及其需求量.结果表明:甜菜植株中铜素含量在不同生长阶段有所变化和差异,含量最多的时期在苗期,分别为植株中16.94mg/kg、叶丛中19.20mg/kg、块根中11.18mg/kg;到收获期其含量分别降为5.85,9.19和5.12 mg/kg;品种间以农大甜研4号、ADV0420和KWS9412铜含量较高.铜素在植株中的积累量,随生育进程逐渐由少到多,到收获期甜菜积累量平均为2.364mg/株,积累量最多的品种为农大甜研4号和KWS9412,分别为2.741和2.719 mg/株.甜菜对铜素吸收性能最强的时期是在叶丛的生长期,每株甜菜吸收铜素0.033 2mg/d,其次是在苗期(0.019 3mg/(株·d)),这两个时期占总吸收性能的59.39%.每生产1t甜菜需铜素2.110 3g,每形成1kg糖需铜素12.339 1mg.

Based on six cultivars of sugar beet （Beta vulgaris L. ） research results show that. 1）The copper content in sugar beet plant changed in different growth period. The metabolism of copper element was most active at the seedling stage in different cultivars,its content was 16.94 mg/kg in the whole plant,19.20 mg/kg in foliage and 11.18 mg/kg in root, respectively, whereas its content were reduced to 5. 85,9. 19 and 5. 12 mg/kg at the harvest stage, respectively. Among the six cultivars, copper metabolism in Nongdatianyan No. 4,ADV0420 and KWS9412 is stronger than the others. 2） The accumulation of copper in the whole plant, with the growing process, increase gradually, and reached average 2. 364 mg per plant at the harvest stage. Within the six cultivars,copper accumulation of Nongdatianyan No. 4 and KWS9412 was 2. 741 rag/plant and 2. 719 rag/plant respectively,and were more than that in the others. 3）Copper element uptake capacities reached the highest at the foliage rapid growth stage, was 0. 033 2 mg/（plant ~ d）; the seedling stage took the second higher, was 0. 019 3 mg/（plant ~ d）. Copper accumulation in these two stages accounted for 59.39o//00 of the total copper uptake capacities. 4） For production of 1 ton of sugar beet, totally 2. 110 3 g of copper was required,and for production of 1 kg of sugar, totally 12. 339 1 mg of copper needed to be consumed. These results should provide practical guidance on rational fertilization of copper to sugar beet.