绿肥作物二月兰腐解及养分释放特征研究

Study on Characteristics of Decomposition and Nutrients Release of Winter Green Manure Crop Orychophragmus violaceusin North China

通过尼龙网袋埋田法对二月兰在玉米田中翻压126d的腐解及养分释放特征进行了研究,结果表明:二月兰在翻压前期腐解速率较快,至42d时其腐解率达到39.09%,之后腐解相对平缓,试验结束时二月兰的最终腐解率为67.48%;二月兰碳、氮、钾的释放速率在前期很快,翻压前7d的平均释放速率分别达到204.62mg/d、37.67mg/d和33.19mg/d,之后迅速下降并趋于稳定;碳和氮在翻压7d时的释放率分别为22.23%和39.89%,钾在翻压14d时的释放率为77.12%,而磷则在翻压前期出现"富集"现象;经过整个春玉米生长季节的腐解,二月兰碳、氮、磷、钾的释放率分别达到76.23%、85.29%、79.63%和96.43%,其碳氮比、碳磷比和碳钾比也分别由最初的9.74、88.83和13.43上升到15.33、104.26和95.07。

The characteristics of decomposition and nutrients release of Orychophragmus violaceus as green manure were studied in spring maize fields by using the method of nylon net bag.The results indicated that Orychophragmus violaceus was decomposed fast in the early stage after incubation.After 42 days incubation,the decomposition ratio reached 39.09％; then it was decomposed slowly.The decomposition ratio of Orychophragmus violaceus was 67.48％ at the end of the experiment.C,N and K of Orychophragmus violaceus released fast at the beginning,their average release rate reached 204.62mg/d,37.67mg/d and 33.19mg/d in the first week after incubation respectively.Then they all released slowly and tended to be stable.The release ratio of C and N were 22.23％ and 39.89％ after one week incubation respectively,and K was 77.12％ after two weeks incubation,while P showed enrichment phenomenon in the first two weeks.The release ratios of C,N,P and K in Orychophragmus violaceus were 76.23％,85.29％,79.63％ and 96.43％ respectively during the whole growth period of spring maize,and the ratios of C and N,C and P,C and K increased from the initial 9.74,88.83 and 13.43 to 15.33,104.26 and 95.07 respectively.