交往理性视域下的法律论证

Legal Argumentation from the Perspective of Communicative Rationality

在实践理性或目的理性的指引下,传统的法律论证理论强调对结果的证成以及论证言说的影响力,注重主体的单一性、独白性。然而,法律论证本质上也是对话性的,离不开论辩主体之间的相互理解和相互协调的机制。交往理性建立在一种达成理解的语言目的上,通过逻辑架构、论辩规则和理想的言谈情境的分析提供语言预设施加约束的条件。法律主张的证立需要借助交往理性通过言语行为中的施为性,力图建构一个话语有效性基础为预设的论证合理性的生活结构和互动模式。

Under the guidance of practical and purposive rationality, the traditional theory of legal argumentation emphasis on the justification of results and its influence, as well as the monologue and singleness of subjects. The essence of legal argumentation, however, functions as conversational process, requiring the mechanism of mutual understanding and coordinating among different subjects. Based on the linguistic aim of reaching understanding, the communicative rationality could explore the condions providing premises for the restriction of discourse through logical structure, rules of argument and situation of discourse. The argument for the justification needs the communicative rationality by conductive nature within the speech act, in order to establish a living structure and interacting mode for the reasonableness of argumentation with the premise of effectiveness of utterances.