地震滑坡编目图误差分析

Error Analysis of Inventories of Earthquake-Triggered Landslides

地震滑坡编目是地震滑坡区域研究的基础。近年来,单次地震事件后的地震滑坡编目工作成果多有出现,然而,地震滑坡编目误差分析,尤其是滑坡的面积与体积误差分析研究却是一项空白。本文提出了一种基于遥感影像空间分辨率的地震滑坡编目误差分析方法,并分别对2010年4月14日玉树Mw6.9级地震触发的2036处滑坡、2010年1月12日海地Mw7.0级地震触发的30828处滑坡、2008年5月12日汶川Mw7.9级地震触发的197481处滑坡编目图进行误差分析。结果表明玉树地震滑坡面积为1.191 km2,误差范围是1.153～1.229 km2(96.81%～103.19%),体积为2.012×106m3,误差范围是1.947×106～2.078×106m3(96.77%～103.28%);海地地震滑坡面积为15.743km2,误差范围是15.118～16.368 km2(96.03%～103.97%),体积为29.698×106m3,误差范围是28.594×106～30.821×106m3(96.28%～103.78%);汶川地震滑坡面积为1160.025km2,误差范围是1072.258～1248.424km2(92.43%～107.62%),体积为4693.159×106m3,误差范围是4372.957×106～5033.739×106m3(93.18%～107.26%)。遥感影像分辨率与滑坡编目误差的关系分析表明不同分辨率遥感影像对地震滑坡编目图误差有明显影响,地震滑坡强频分布与滑坡编目误差的关系分析表明滑坡规模对地震滑坡编目图误差也有明显影响。该地震滑坡编目图误差分析方法可以推广应用于更多的地震滑坡事件。

Landslide inventory is the essential part of regional earthquake triggered landslide studies. In recent years, studies about landslide inventory related with single seismic event are common. However, area and volume error analysis of inventory of landslides triggered by earthquake is still lack. In this paper, a remote sensing image resolution based error analysis method of inventory of landslides triggered by earthquake was proposed. Error analysis of inventory of 2036 landslides triggered by the April 14, 2010 Mw 6.9 Yushu earthquake, inventory of 30828 landslides triggered by the January 12, 2010 Mw 7.0 Haiti earthquake, and inventory of 197481 landslides triggered by the May 12, 2008 Mw 7.9 Wenchuan earthquake were carried out respectively. The results show that area of the Yushu earthquake triggered landslides is 1.191 km^2, of range from 1.153 km2 to 1.229 km^2, which is error range from 96.81% to 103.19% ; these landslides in a total volume of 2. 012× 10^6m^3, of range from 1.947×106m3 to 2. 078× 10^6m^3 , in other words, error range from 96.77% to 103.28%. Area of the Haiti earthquake triggered landslides is 15. 743 km^2, of range from 15. 118 km2 to 16. 368 km^2, which is error range from 96.03% to 103.97% ; these landslides in a total volume of 29.698 × 10^6m^3, of range from 28.594 × 10^6m^3 to 30.821 × 10^6m^3, in other words, error range from 96.28% to 103.78%. Area of the Wenchuan earthquake triggered landslides is 1160.025 km^2, of range from 1072. 258 km2 to 1248. 424 km^2, which is error range from 92.43% to 107.62% ; these landslides in a total volume of 4693. 159×10^6m^3 , of range from 4372. 957×10^6m^3 to 5033. 739×10^6m^3, in other words, error range from 93.18% to 107.26%. The relation between resolution of the remote sensing and landslide inventory error show that the remote sensing resolution affects on landslide inventory error significantly. Also, the correlation of earthquake landslide frequency distribution and landslide inventory error show that there was a significant effect on landslide inventory error for earthquake landslide frequency distribution. This method of earthquake triggered landslide inventory error analysis can be applied to other more regional earthquake triggered landslides events.