小球藻的营养及药用价值

Analysis of the Nutritional Value and Pharmacological Action of Chlorella

微藻因具有丰富的营养价值和产油能力,因而已被广泛研究。小球藻属于单细胞绿藻,分布广泛,种类多达十余种,在食品、医药、饲料、能源和环保等多个领域具有广泛的应用价值。小球藻不仅可以光自养生长,还可以利用有机碳源进行异养生长。小球藻细胞壁坚厚,胞内含有丰富的蛋白质、必需氨基酸、多糖、色素、脂肪酸,并富含多种维生素,以及铁、钙、锌、钾等矿物元素,具有全面而均衡的营养价值。小球藻属中的蛋白核小球藻已被我国卫生部列为新资源食品。小球藻特有的促生长因子(CGF)具有提高免疫力、抗肿瘤等多种特殊功效,近年来研究证明小球藻在临床上可作为治疗多种疾病的辅助药物,被认为是绿色天然的营养保健食品。本文从小球藻的生物学特性、营养价值、药理和保健作用等方面进行了论述。

Microalgae have been extensively investigated and exploited because of their competitive nutritive bioproducts and biofuel production ability. Green algae from the genus Chlorella are single-celled, microscopic plants that grow in flesh water and are be- lieved to have existed for billions of years. Chlorella can grow well both heterotrophically and photoautotrophically. Chlorella is consid- ered one of the most powerful ＂superfoods＂ known to man and is renowned for their incredible nutrient content and qualities. Chlorella provides about 60% protein and it also contains an impressive range of vitamins and minerals, pigments, fatty acids, and growth factor. Chlorella pyrenoidosa has been regarded as a new source of food by the Ministry of Health in China. In recent years, studies have shown that Chlorella can be clinically used as an adjunct to treatment of many diseases and is considered a natural health food. In this paper, the biological status of Chlorella, as well as its nutritional value, pharmacological action and health effects are discussed.