中国农业航空植保产业技术创新发展战略

Technology innovation development strategy on agricultural aviation industry for plant protection in China

农业航空是现代农业的重要组成部分和反映农业现代化水平的重要标志之一。该文在分析中国农业现代化建设中对航空植保技术的需求及国内外航空植保发展现状的基础上,对中国航空植保产业体系进行了深入剖析。指出了制约中国农业航空植保产业发展的主要问题,包括现有农业航空政策法规体系不完善、配套核心科学技术研究不足、专业队伍人才匮乏、社会化服务体系不健全、与农业航空相适应的农田作业环境基础建设被忽略、制度上缺少支持农业航空发展的公益性安排等。并从提高航空植保作业适应性的多机型多作业方式、加大资金投入增强配套核心科学技术的攻关、以及出台有针对性的政策加强管理和规范等方面提出了大力推进中国农业航空植保产业快速健康发展的战略及对策建议。最后对未来3个五年计划内中国对航空植保技术的需求情况进行了预测。分析预测表明,中国农业航空产业是一个尚未真正启动的大产业,未来中国农业航空市场的需求将会有爆发性增长,拉动新增机型投入将达到465亿元以上。随着相关制度及配套核心技术的不断完善,中国农业航空产业必将得到健康、有序和高速发展,有利于实现农业病虫害统防统治,实现精准作业,极大地提速中国现代农业的进程。

Based on the review of the current status and perspectives of worldwide agricultural aviation （AA） and completive analysis of the technology demand, the development strategies of aviation plant protection in China were recommended. The main restricting factors to the development of AA industry in China were pointed out, which including the imperfect policies and regulations of AA at present, lack of supporting core technologies, qualified AA professionals, understanding on AA, public support to the development of AA, and defective social service system in AA, etc. And then the countermeasures to promote the rapid and healthy development of AA in China were put forward, which including the adoption of multi-type and multi-operation models to improve the applicability of AA, increasing the capital investment to enhance the core technologies research, fortifying targeted policies to strengthen and standardize the management of AA. Finally, the demand prediction of agricultural aircraft type in China was conducted by using empiric estimation demand prediction method. The demand prediction analysis shows that the AA industry in China has not really started, and the market will dramatically increase. In the coming 15 years, the AA aircraft type in China will mainly include manned fixed-wing aircraft, manned helicopter, gasoline-powered unmanned aerial vehicle （UAV）, battery-power UAV and others, and the working area to the whole cultivated area of all of these aircraft type will be about 5%by the end of 2015, 20%by 2020, 40%by 2025, 50%by 2030 respectively. It was estimated about 46.5 billion RMB of the new investment on AA aircraft type in next 15 years. With the relevant system and supporting core technologies improving continuously, the AA industry will get a healthy, orderly and rapid development in China.