全球稀土资源供需及资源潜力分析

Analysis of global rare earth supply-demand and resource potential

全球稀土资源分布广泛,中国约占全球1/3的储量,按照目前的开发速度,稀土资源还可以开发数百年。2011年中国的稀土稀土需求量约占全球市场份额的68%,日本和东北亚地区约占16%,美国约占10%,其他国家约占6%。对于未来全球范围内稀土供需预测,总体而言是供大于求,但是预计5种稀土元素氧化物还会出现供不应求局面,这5种元素恰好是我国的优势资源。对中国大陆周边、美洲、大洋洲、非洲等地区和其他地区的稀土资源储量做了潜力分析,结合我国稀土资源情况,提出建立稀土统一销售平台、关注稀土资源潜力丰富的国家、境外稀土勘察开发应以重稀土为主的建议,目的在于鼓励矿业企业"走出去"参与全球稀土资源的勘查开发,多种方式获取境外优质稀土资源,增强我国对于稀土的话语权。

Global rare earth resources are widely distributed, 1/3 of which is in China. According to the current speed of development, the rare earth resources can be exploited for hundreds of years. In 2011, China＇s demand for rare earth accounted for 68% of global market share, Japan and Northeast Asia accounted for about 16%, the United States, about 10%, and other countries, about 6%. For the future global rare earth supply and demand forecasts,in general terms,the supply will exceeds the demand,but it is expected that 5 kinds of rare earth oxides will be in the shortage of supply, which happen to be the 5 advantage resources of China. We carried out a rare earth resources potential analysis of surrounding countries of Chinese mainland, the Americas,Oceania,Africa and other regions. And combined with China＇s rare earth resources situation, we proposed the establishment of a unified marketing platform of rare earth, especial attention to countries where rare earth resource is rich, and focus on heavy rare earth exploration and development in order to encourage mining enterprises to ＂go out＂ and participate in global exploration and development of rare earth resources,obtain rare earth resources of high quality a various ways so as to enhance the right to speak of China in this respect.