氮肥前移和源库修饰对烤烟产质量的影响

Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Topdressing Earlier and Source- sink Modification on Yield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco

以烤烟品种K326为材料,研究了氮肥前移和源库修饰(打顶、打叶)处理对烤烟大田各生育期农艺性状与烤后烟叶叶片厚度、经济性状和内在化学成分的影响。结果表明:氮肥前移处理烤烟在生育前期生长较为旺盛,后期以源库修饰处理长势较好,整个生长发育过程中以移栽后25 d内完成氮素追肥并进行源库修饰整体表现最佳;氮肥前移对叶片厚度影响不大,源库修饰使中上部叶片干物质积累量增加;同时采取氮肥前移和库源修饰两种处理措施,其产量、产值分别为2 356.28 kg/hm2和47 125.60元/hm2,烟碱和总氮含量最为适宜,内在化学成分协调性最好。综合考虑,移栽后25 d内全部完成氮素追肥并进行源库修饰的处理措施最适宜当地的烤烟生产,具有一定的应用价值。

Taking K326 as test variety, the effects of nitrogen fertilizer topdressing earlier and source-sink modification on agronomic traits, leaf thickness, economic characters and the intrinsic chemical composition were studied. The results showed that the treatment with nitrogen topdressing earlier was benefit for fast growth at early stage, and the treatment with source-sink modification （ leaf removal） grew well at the later stage, However, treatment with both topdressing earlier and source-sink modification appeared the best overall performance during the whole growth and development. Topdress-ing earlier had little influence on the blade thickness, source-sink modification increased the dry matter accumulation of upper leaves;Two measures taken at the same time, the yield and output value were 2 356.28 kg/hm2 and 4 7125.60 yuan/hm2 respectively, although the yield declined, but no obvious decreadin for output. Treatment with both topdressing earlier and source-sink modification had the optimum nicotine and total nitrogen content, and harmonious combination of intrinsic chemical composition. In a word, the treatment with nitrogen fertilizer topdressed within 25 days after transplan-ting and source-sink modification was the better tobacco production measure, and was worth being popularized.