高原低氧对常住较高海拔地区平原移居人群睡眠质量的影响调查

Influence of high altitude hypoxia on sleep quality among migrant population of permanent residents from plain to high altitude area

目的探讨高原低氧对常住较高海拔地区平原移居人群睡眠质量的影响。方法2009年3月，应用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表（PSQI）对常住4500m以上较高海拔地区487名由平原移居高原人群的睡眠质量进行调查，评定受试对象最近1个月的睡眠质量。结果487名调查对象睡眠质量、入睡时问、睡眠时间、睡眠效率、睡眠障碍、使用催眠药物、日问功能障碍评分及PSQI各项总分分别为（1-33士0．82）、（1．65±0．97）、（1．12±0．84）、（1．02±0．96）、（0．81±o．58）、（0．08±0．38）、（1．59±1．08）、（7．63±3．89）分；其中PSQI及睡眠障碍总分随海拔高度的升高及移居高原时间的增加而增加。4500、4780、5000m地区人群睡眠质量较差者所占比例分别为13．45％（37，275）、23．50％（43／183）和37．93％（11／29），移居时间小于或等于2、〉2—5、〉5～8、〉8年人群睡眠质量较差者所占比例分别为9．26％（15／162）、16．44％（24／146）、27．62％（29／105）和36．49％（27n4）；居住相对较高海拔地区及移居时间相对较长者与居住相对较低海拔地区及移居时间相对较短者比较．PSQI总分及睡眠质量较差者所占比例均相差较大，差异有统计学意义（P〈O．05）。结论高原低压缺氧对常住4500m以上较高海拔地区平原移居人群的睡眠质量存在严重影响。其睡眠的连续性遭到破坏，睡眠结构紊乱，而且海拔越高、移居高原时间越长．睡眠质量越差。

Objective To investigate the influence of high altitude hypoxia on sleep quality in migrant population of per- manent residents from plain to high altitude area. Methods The sleep quality of 487 migrants of permanent residents from plain to the areas with the altitude more than 4 500 m was investigated with Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index （PSQt）, to evaluate the sleep quality of the respondents in recent one month. Results The survey 487 cases of objects ,The score of sleep quality,bedtime, sleep time, sleep efficiency, sleep disorders, hypnotics, daytime dysfunction and the total score of PSQ1 among the 487 respondents was 1.33±0.82, 1.65±0.97,1.12±0.84,1.02±0.96,0.81±0.58,0.08v0.38,1.59±1.08 and 7.63±3.89 respectively. The number of patients with poor total score of PSQI and sleep quality increase with the increasing of altitude and time of migrating to high alti- tude areas. The proportion of people with poor sleep quality in the altitude of 4 500 in, 4 780 m and 5 000 m was 13.45% （37/275）, 23.50% （43/183） and 37.93% （11/29 ） respectively. The proportion of people with poor sleep quality among people with immigra- tion time ≤2 years, 2 years〈immigration time ≤ 5 years, 5 years〈immigration time ≤ 8 years and 8 years〈immigration time was 9.26% （ 15/162 ）, 16.44% （ 24/146 ）, 27.62% （ 29/105 ） and 36.49% （ 27/74 ） respectively. Compared the people in the relative high altitude areas or with relative long immigration time with the people in relative low altitude areas or with relative short immigration time ,the difference of PSQI total score and the proportion of people with poor sleep quality was large with statistical significance （P〈0.05）. Conclusion High altitude hypoxia has serious influence on the sleep quality of permanent residents from plain to ar- eas with altitude more than 4 500 m. The continuity of sleep is destroyed with disorder sleep structure. The higher the altitude be- comes ,the longer the time of immigration to high altitude areas is and the poorer the sleep quality becomes.