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“,何为灾难?”:人类学对一个持久问题的观点 被引量:14

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摘要 灾难的定义,如同文化之概念,纷繁驳杂,无清晰之定论。斯密斯认为,灾难定义的不确定性并不妨碍学术的研究,其持续的争论恰好说明灾难研究领域的活力。灾难定义之争表现为:(1)主观性和客观性;(2)常态与非常态;(3)社会与环境。斯密斯认为,社会与自然环境的互动是灾难研究的要点,而人类学之传统的适应(adaptation)观念或其对立面——适应性缺失,也即脆弱性(vulnerability)为解释灾难因果与过程的关键。人类学需要强化从政治生态的角度来研究人、环境和社会政治结构之间的关系。
出处 《西南民族大学学报(人文社会科学版)》 CSSCI 北大核心 2013年第12期1-7,共7页 Journal of Southwest Minzu University(Humanities and Social Sciences Edition)
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