哈密盆地土壤中锌的含量分布及锌肥效应研究

A Study on the Content Distribution of Zinc in Soils and Effect of Zinc-fertilizer in the Hami Basin

锌是维持动植物和人体正常生长发育必需的微量营养元素,它在地理环境中含量的多少与生命活力有密切联系,缺乏或过剩不仅会引起农作物的生理病害,导致产量和品质下降,同时还可以通过饲料和食物链对畜禽及人类产生不良影响,因而开展不同自然地理带和土壤类型中锌的化学地理研究具有现实和长远的意义。笔者1984至1986年对哈密盆地主要土类的微量元素锌的含量,有效态锌含量及分布进行了研究,并以春小麦、无核白葡萄为重点进行肥效试验,试图为挖掘已垦地的增产潜力,施用锌肥促进农业生产,作出锌的农业地理分区、了解环境-人-锌的关系和为改良低锌环境提供依据。

The total Zn contents in Soils in the Hami Basin of Xinjiang range from 30.5—118ppm. The mean value of total Zn is 77. 11ppm and it is lower than that of the whole country where the mean value is 100ppm. The effective Zn contents in soils are 0.1—1.14ppm, and the mean is 0.407ppm. The content of effect Zn bear positive relationship with the content of organic matter and the soil texture. The contents of effect Zu in the soil profile are higher in the surface layer than in the lower layer. The yields of wheat and grape in Zu_lacking soils employed Zu_fertilizer can increase by 3.7—22.7 and 31%, respectively.