作为社会规则和秩序统一的宪法

The Role of Constitution as Unity of Social Rules and Order

社会规则与秩序的系统是一个综合作用的复杂整体。宪法是人类社会诸多规则秩序相互竞争、选择与转换的整体模型。作为规则与秩序的结构统一,才是宪法的真实存在。宪法既是社会规则秩序竞争、选择与转换的框架与平台,也是规则秩序竞争、选择与转换的方式与原则,同时也是规则秩序竞争、选择与转换的结果与产物。宪法作为社会规则秩序转换的平台、方式与原则,保证规则秩序在宪法确立的框架、程序内进行选择与转换,这是法治的应有之义和社会稳定的前提;宪法作为社会规则秩序竞争、选择与转换的结果,保证了社会生活对宪法的补给滋润,使宪法不至于僵化,这是宪法本身正当性与有效性以及实质稳定的需要。宪治乃至法治的最本质意义即在于避免暴力,在于其为人类社会规则秩序的转换提供的一种规范框架和有效机制,在于其保证了社会规则秩序在宪法所确立的框架、机制内有序转换,在于其为人类造就的一种持久的和平。

The social system of rules and order is a complex whole exerting comprehensive effects. Constitution is a complete model for the competition, selection and transformation of social rules and order. The real value of Constitution consists in the structural unity of rules and order. Constitution is not only the framework and platform for the competition, selection and transformation in social rules and order, but also provides the method and principle for such competition, selection and transformation, and indeed it is also the result of this process. As platform, method and principle, Constitution ensures that the selection and transformation of social rules and order take place within a fixed framework, which is the proper meaning of the rule of law and the premise of social stability. As the result of the competition, selection and transformation of social rules and order, Constitution is complemented and enriched by social life so that it will not become rigid, thus guaranteeing its legitimacy, effectiveness and stability. The ultimate purpose of Constitution and the rule of law is to avoid violence, to provide an effective mechanism for the transformation of social rules and order, and to create lasting peace for mankind.