卡尔松与《庄子》:“恰当自然审美”的两种路径

Carlson vs.the Chuangtse:Two Approaches to Appropriate Aesthetic Appreciation of Nature

卡尔松实现"恰当自然审美"的具体路径是,借助自然科学知识提供的正确范畴,对自然审美对象进行鉴赏评估并在此基础上做出恰当的情感反应。从总体方向上看,《庄子》美学同样有助于自然环保和生态伦理,并与卡尔松主张的"必须根据自然的如其所是来审美"保持着基本一致,因此在某种意义上也可为我们提供一种"恰当的自然审美"范式。但它的具体实现路径完全不同。从对待自然知识的态度、客观性立场的有无以及最终的追求目的来看,两种审美范式各有所长,也各有局限。但对当今的自然审美而言,无疑都有重要意义。

The approach to ＂Appropriate Aesthetic Appreciation of Nature＂ raised by Allen Carlson is to apply the right domain of natural and scientific knowledge to the appreciation of the natural objects and then to come out appro- priate emotional reaction. Generally speaking, the aesthetic philosophy presented in the Chuangtse , is in accordance with Carlson＇s view that ＂aesthetic apprecia- tion should be conducted as nature itself＂, which in a sense provides another par- adigm to appropriate aesthetic appreciation of nature and contributes to the natu- ral environment protection and ecological ethic, although it has a totally different approach to realize. As for the attitude towards natural knowledge, the absence of objectiveness or not and the ultimate purpose of pursuit, these two aesthetic paradigms have both advantages and disadvantages, and they are undoubtedly significant for the recent aesthetic appreciation of nature.