不同年龄组小儿骨皮质发育状况观察

The Observation on Development of Thickness of Cortical Bone in Children of Different Age.

【目的】 通过对正常婴幼儿、青少年及部分成年人骨皮质发育的横向观察 ,了解小儿骨皮质发育的规律。 【方法】 市郊农村健康婴儿 ,城区婴幼儿、青少年及部分成年人 ,共 10 17例摄右手腕正位X光片 ,测量第二掌骨中点横径及内径 ,用MicrosoftExcel 97软件计算出骨皮质厚度、皮质指数并作统计学处理。 【结果】 从 1岁组到15岁组男、女童骨皮质厚度分别增加了 3 .0 6mm及 2 .89mm ,平均年增幅分别为 4.0 %及 4.3 % ;婴儿期平均年增幅分别为 8.2 %及 6.9% ,从幼儿期到学龄前儿童分别为 2 .3 %及 2 .0 % ,11.0～ 13 .0岁组女童为 10 .7% ,13 .0～ 15 .0岁组男童为 7.8%。农村地区 1岁组婴儿第二掌骨中点横径同城区婴儿基本相同 ,但平均骨皮质厚度低 0 .3 9mm(P <0 .0 0 1)。 【结论】 骨皮质厚度随年龄增大而增加 ,婴儿期及青春期前后增厚显著 ,以青春期骨皮质增厚最明显。

Objective In order to find out the pattern of development in cortical bone,a study of cortical bone in normal infants、 children、adolescence and adults were carried out. Methods The authors measured the transverse and inner diameter in midpoint of the second metacarpal bone from 1 017 X-ray films of right wrist of normal infants、children、adolescence and adults in the urban and of infants in the suburban.The thickness and index of cortical bone in midpoint of the second metacarpal were calculated by Microsoft Excel 97. Results The increase of thickness of cortical bone was respectively 3.06 mm、2.89 mm for boys and girls from 1.0 to 15.0 yr of age ,the average amplitude was respectively 4.0%、4.3%, the latter was 8.2%、6.9% for male and female infants , 2.3%、2.0% for infancy and preschool children,10.7%for girls at 11～13yr of age ,7.8% for boys of 13～15yr of age. Between urban areas and a rural area there were not significant differences between the transverse diameters in the second metacarpal of boys and girls at 1.0yr of age, but the average thickness of cortical bone were decreased of 0.39 mm in rural area (P<0.001). Conclusions The thickness of cortical bone increased significantly with age in children and adolescence , the increased velocity was more rapid during infancy and puberty , with the peak thickness of cortical bone around puberty.