上海纺织服装制造业空间格局演化及机制

Spatial Pattern Evolution of Textile and Garment Manufacturing in Shanghai

纺织服装制造业作为我国参与国际竞争与合作的传统产业,其在城市内部的空间分布格局正呈现出新的特征。基于微观企业数据,运用圈层分析、热点分析和核密度估计方法,探究上海大都市区纺织服装制造业空间格局形成及演化规律。结果表明:1)上海纺织服装制造业企业布局的郊区化趋势明显,布局热点区从中心城区及近郊区向远郊区转移。2)境外、合资企业主要分布在近郊区,且空间位置变化不明显,相对前两者,在远郊区内资企业布局强度显著提升;大型企业主要分布在城市中心区东北部,以及交通便捷的近郊区和地方中心区,中型企业在分布范围和郊区分布的强度上均大于大型企业,小微型企业在远郊区分布密度趋于增强,且明显高于大中型企业。3)格局演化的主要影响机制包括:历史积淀、区位条件变迁、金融危机和政策调控、规划引导。

Based on the data from enterprises of textile and garment manufacturing from 1995 to 2012 in Shanghai, this paper explores the formation and evolution of the spatial pattern of textile and garment manufacturing in metropolitan areas by using methods of circle analysis, hot spot analysis and kernel density estimation. The results are as follows：First, enterprises are mainly located in the 10-30 km radius circle from city center, the suburbanization trend of enterprises is obvious and the hot zone transfers from central city areas and suburban areas to exurban areas. Second, the spatial distribution trend of enterprises of different nature and scale has its own features：foreign capital companies and joint venture enterprises are mainly located in suburban areas and their spatial location does not change obviously, the distribution intensity of domestic enterprises is significantly higher than that of joint ventures and foreign enterprises in the exurban areas;large enterprises are mainly located in northeast area of the city centre, as well as suburban areas and local centers with convenient traffic, mid-size enterprises are much stronger than large enterprises both on the range and intensity of distribution, the distribution density of small micro-enterprises in the exurban area is significantly higher than mid-size and large enterprises. Third, the results indicate that the factors such as history, change of geographical conditions, financial crisis, policy adjustment and planning guidance are the main driving factors.