开展消除麻风运动的效果评价

Evaluation of the methods and results in carrying out Leprosy Elimination Campaigns(LEC)

目的：通过开展消除麻风运动，评价其在发现病人方面效果。方法：防治机构在当地政府支持下举办县级培训班和工作会议。各乡镇负责人和乡镇卫生院院长、防疫医生参加工作会议和培训班，同时通过媒介向公众开展健康教育运动。在运动中乡村医生和群众向医疗机构报告麻风病人可疑线索，然后由麻风专家组成的医疗队确诊。结果：运动中覆盖99个乡、镇的1411个行政村共计135万人口，上报173例麻风可疑线索，共确诊41例麻风，其中多菌型32例，少菌型9例，查菌阳性者24例；2级畸残者16例。永顺县、桑植县和崇义县、上犹县在运动中发现的病人数分别占各县全年发现病人总数的56．3％，77.8％和90％。结论：短时间内发现许多病人说明消除麻风运动可有效地发现隐藏在社区内的病人。消除麻风运动还是对公众一次很好的麻风健康教育，促进了当地麻风的基本消灭。

objctivc: To detect new/hidden leprosy patients and speed up the course of eliminafoin of leprosy in endemic areas. Methods: The county-level work meetings and training courses were organized by leprosy control units with the support of the local government. The township leaders, directors of township hospitals and health staff were appointed to attend the meetings and training courses. In the meantime, leprosy health education campain was carried out by nass media for the public, and village doctors as well as the public were asked to report leprosy suspects and cases with skin disesaes for eliciting a denial or a confirmation of a diagnosis of leprosy by a medical team consisting of some leprosy experts. Results: A total of 99 towns andl 411 administrative villages with a population of 135 million were involved in this study. One hundred and seventy three leprosy suspects were reported, 4l of them were confirmed to have leprosy including 32 MB and 9 PB. Twenty four cases were skin smear positive and 16 with WHO Grade II disability. In yongshun, Sangzhi and other 2 counties the number of newly detected cases during LEC accounted for 56.3%, 77.8% and 90% of the tolal number of newly detected cases in the whole year, respectively. Conclusions: Through LEC, quite a number of patients were detected in a short period of time and consequently LEC was proved to be very effective and highly efficient in detecting leprosy patients harbored in the communities. LEC is also, in authors' opinion, a good way to carry out leprosy heath education and to speed up the course of elimination of leprosy.