中药废弃物的转化增效资源化模式及其研究与实践

Research practices of conversion efficiency of resources utilization model of castoff from Chinese material medica industrialization

药材生产-饮片加工-产品深加工等产业化过程构成了我国独具特色的中药资源产业链和产品集群,产生了巨大的社会和经济效益。然而,在药材生产与饮片加工过程中产生的"非药用部位"及"下脚料",在资源性产品深加工制造过程产生的废渣、废水、废气等大量的废弃物,既导致了中药资源的极大浪费又给生态环境带来了新的压力。在前期研究和实践的基础上,依据中药废弃物所含资源性物质的不同理化性质与资源化潜力、不同利用价值等,构建了"三大利用策略"和"三类资源化模式"。该文在资源循环经济理论和中药资源化学研究思路的指导下,针对中药废弃物转化增效的资源化模式,从转化增效的实现途径、适宜技术体系、应用实践等方面进行论述,以期为推动和有效解决这一长期制约中药产业健康发展的瓶颈问题,实现中药废弃物的资源化利用提供借鉴和引导。

The industrialization chains and their products, which were formed from the process of the production of medicinal materials-prepared drug in pieces and deep processed product of Chinese material medica（CMM） resources, have generated large ben- efits of social and economic. However, The large of herb-medicine castoff of ＂non-medicinal parts＂ and ＂rejected materials＂ produced inevitably during the process of Chinese medicinal resources produce and process, and the residues, waste water and waste gas were produced during the manufactured and deep processed product of CMM. These lead to the waste of resources and environmental pollu- tion. Our previous researches had proposed the ＂three utilization strategies＂ and ＂three types of resources models＂ of herb-medicine castoff according to the different physicochemical property of resources constitutes, resources potential and utility value of herb-medi- cine castoff. This article focus on the conversion efficiency of resources model and analysis the ways, technologies, practices, and ap- plication in herb-medicine east off of the conversion efficiency of resources model based on the recycling economy theory of resources and thoughts of resources chemistry of CMM. These data may be promote and resolve the key problems limited the industrialization of Chinese material medica for long time and promote the realization of herb-medicine castoff resources utilization.