NaCl对酪蛋白酸钠溶液流变学特性及结构变化的影响

Influence of NaCl on Rheological Properties and Structural Change of Sodium Caseinate Solution

采用流变仪,扩散光谱和FTIR相结合的方法研究了NaCl对酪蛋白酸钠溶液特性的影响。添加NaCl后,FTIR图谱的形状和波峰并未发生变化,但是强度发生变化,分析原因为:NaCl同蛋白质竞争吸水,间接增加了蛋白质浓度,并且降低了体系的扩散性能,表现在特征衰减时间τ的增加上,但是NaCl并未影响酪蛋白酸钠溶液的2级结构。流变学特性研究表明:3%和7.5%的酪蛋白酸钠溶液为牛顿流体,15%的酪蛋白酸钠溶液为非牛顿流体,添加NaCl能够显著增加体系的黏度值。对15%的酪蛋白酸钠溶液进行时间依赖性和触变性研究的结果表明,此时的体系是负触变性体系。

Sodium caseinate is commonly used in the food industry. In its many applications as a food ingredient, significant quantities of salts are simultaneously used. Previous studies have shown that co-existing salts can change physio- chemical properties of sodium caseinate, especially rheological properties. NaC1 has been shown to be able to dramatically increase viscosity of sodium caseinate solution; however, the mechanism is still debatable. In order to further probe the influence of NaC1 on theological properties of sodium caseinate solution and clarify the mechanism. A rheometer, diffusing wave spectroscopy （DWS） and FTIR were combined to investigate the effect of NaC1 on properties of sodium caseinate solution. The results showed that the shape and peak positions of FTIR spectra did not change after addition of NaC1, but the intensity changed. Preliminary analysis suggested that NaC1 molecules could compete with sodium caseinate for water and indirectly increased protein concentration, while decreasing diffusion properties of the system, as indicated by the increased characteristic decay time r. It also indicated that NaC1 did not influence the secondary structure of sodium caseinate molecules. Rheological characterization indicated that 3% and 7.5% sodium caseinate solutions were Newtonian fluid while 15% sodium caseinate solution was non-newtonian fluid. Addition of NaC1 significantly increased protein solution viscosity, and this phenomenon was more obvious at higher protein concentration. To further investigate the rheological properties of 15% sodium caseinate solutions, time dependence and thixotropy measurements were performed. The results showed that viscosity of all these samples increased in a linear manner with increasing time as thixotropic fluid. Collectively, we concluded that high concentrations of sodium caseinate solutions are negative rheopecticity fluid. All these results could help us better understand interactions of NaC1 with sodium caseinate and provide theoretical guidance for using sodium caseinate in the food industry.