基于市场集中度的道路货运市场结构优化

Road Freight Market Structure Optimization Based on Market Concentration

自道路货运行业启动市场化改革以来,货运市场空前繁荣,但同时也出现了市场供求失衡、恶性竞争加剧、价格调节机制失灵、超限超载屡禁不止等问题,引发了影响行业健康稳定发展的诸多矛盾,难以实现资源配置效率和生产效率优化。首先对我国道路货运市场结构发展演变过程进行了分析,利用市场集中度对道路货运市场结构进行了测度和判断,并应用过度竞争、垄断竞争等理论分析了影响道路货运市场结构优化的障碍因素。在此分析基础上,从加强运输服务差异化和技术进步、培育龙头骨干货运企业、鼓励中小企业联盟发展、充分发挥政府引导规制作用等方面探讨了促进我国道路货运行业转型升级发展的对策和建议。

Since market-oriented reform start-up, the road freight industry is flourishing as never before in China, while the whole industry appeared confusion phenomenon, such as market imbalance between supply and demand, sharply price competition, failure of price adjustment mechanism and repeated overload transportation. It is difficult to achieve the optimization of resource allocation efficiency and production efficiency. We analyzed the market structure development process of the road freight industry, applied the market concentration measurement method to judge the market structure, and discussed the barriers of the road freight market structure optimization based on excessive competition theory and monopolistic competition theory. On this basis, we proposed the countermeasures and suggestions about promoting the transformation and upgrading development of the road freight market, including strengthen public transport service differentiation and technological progress, foster freight leading enterprises, encourage developing SMEs alliance, and make full compliance with government guidance mechanisms.