渤海湾基础生物资源现状及其变化趋势

The status and variation of basic biological resources in the Bohai Bay

根据2011年5月和8月渤海湾海域生物调查资料分析其现状,结果表明:渤海湾浮游植物春季为37种,夏季为46种;优势种5种,其中硅藻门4种,甲藻门1种;春、夏季平均细胞数量分别为47.58×104个/m3和994.15×104个/m3。浮游动物春季为30种,夏季为37种;优势种7种,其中桡足类6种,毛颚类1种;春、夏季平均密度分别为12.74×103个/m3和57.31×103个/m3,平均生物量为291.04 mg/m3和37.00 mg/m3。底栖生物春季为29种,夏季为36种,优势种4种,其中软体动物3种,甲壳动物1种;春、夏季平均密度分别为83.75个/m2和107.25个/m2,平均生物量为31.38 g/m2和22.71 g/m2。通过年际变化分析表明,20世纪80年代以来渤海湾浮游生物和底栖生物种类明显下降;浮游生物群落结构发生变化,甲藻比重增加,浮游动物优势种个体有小型化的趋势。

Based on the data acquisitioned through the survey of Bohai Bay in May and August 2011 , the basic biological resources are follows： The number of Phytoplankton species were 37 in May and 46 in August, and the main dominant species were Chaetoceros bo- realis, Noctiluca scintillate, Skeletonema costatum, Chaetoceros cun,i.wtus amt Nitwhia pungens. The cell abundance of Phytoplankton was 47.58 x 10^4cells/m3 in May and 994.15 x 10^4cells/m3 in Augush The number of Zooplankton species were 30 in May and 37 in August, and the main dominant species were Sagitta crasa, Calanus sinieus, ltbidocem euchaeta, Acartia pacifica, Aeartia bifilasa, Paracalaau panu and Oithona similes. 3＇he abundance of Zooplankton was 12.74 x 10^3 ind/m3 in May and 57.31x 10^3 ind/m3 in August, and the biomass was 291.04 mg/m3 in May and 37. 00 mg/m3 in August. The number of Benthos species was 29 in May and 36 in August, and the main dominant species were Actaeopyramis eximia, Eocyliehna cylindrella, Modiolu elmtgates and Raphidopus ciliat. The abundance of Benthos was 83.75 ind/mz in May and 107.25 ind/m2 in August, and the biomass was 31.38 g/m2 in May and 22.71 g/m2 in August. The variation tendency of the species number of plankton and benthos is reduced in the Bohai Bay from 1983 to 2011. The plankton communities in Buhai Bay represented some differenees compared to the patlern in the 1980s. The proportion of dinoflagellate is increased and the dominant species of zooplankton had been become smaller than 1980s.