海洋油气微生物好氧降解轻烃模拟试验

Simulating test of aerobic marine oil and gas microbial degradation of light hydrocarbons

选取海洋油气田附近的沉积物，在好氧条件下，成功富集培养得到不同菌落形态的轻烃降解菌，并利用其模拟轻烃的生物降解，探讨了油气微生物对C1～c5轻烃组分的降解规律。结果表明，富集轻烃降解菌对各轻烃组分产生明显的降解作用，培养基的溶解作用和沉积物的吸附作用均可被忽略。C1-C5，轻烃的生物降解曲线呈明显的反“s”型，但微生物对不同轻烃的降解作用具有选择性：碳数越少的轻烃组分越容易发生生物降解，正构烷烃较碳数相同的异构烷烃更容易发生生物降解。

Abstract ： Different light hydrocarbons degrading bacteria were enriched from the marine sediment near the oil and gas field. Then the light hydrocarbons degrading bacteria were inoculated into the light hydrocarbons biodegradation test device. The results show that light hydrocarbons degrading bacteria can degrade light hydrocarbons effectively. Meanwhile, the dissolution of medium and the ad sorption of sediments cause the slight change of the light hydrocarbons components, which can be ignored. The biodegradation curves of light hydrocarbons show the anti＂ S＂ shapes, but light hydrocarbons degrading bacteria generate selectivity biodegradation. The smaller the carbon numbers of light hydrocarbons molecules, the easier the biodegradation, and the nalkane is more prone to microbi al degradation than the isoalkane of the same number of carbon atoms.