不同依恋风格者对情绪面孔的加工

Attachment Styles and the Processing of Emotion Faces

对情绪面孔的加工可以反映出不同依恋风格者在社会交往中的应对风格。对依恋风格的划分现在常用的是类型法和维度法两种方法。在依恋风格影响情绪面孔加工方面有4种新的实验范式,分别是渐变任务、知觉阈限任务、眼部照片任务和空间线索范式。目前,各项研究的结论都显示,不同的依恋风格者对来自外界的情绪性信息有着各自不同的加工方式。对神经生理机制的研究进一步印证了行为研究的结论,并发现大脑对情绪面孔的反应不仅仅受到面孔特征的影响,它还取决于社会情境中情绪面孔的具体意义。将威胁性信息和安全感建立联结,是改变不安全依恋风格的一种方法。基于现有研究的不足,未来的研究可有多个努力方向。

The processing of emotion faces reflects the coping styles of individuals with different attachment styles during social interaction. Attachment styles are now often being conceptualized by researchers in terms of a two-dimension model or a four-category model. Regarding the emotion face processing of people with different attachment styles, there are four new experimental paradigms, namely, morph task, perceptual threshold task, RMET and spatial cueing task. The findings of these studies all indicate that people with different attachment styles tend to have different ways in processing emotional information from the outside. Researches centered on the neurophysiological mechanism have further confirmed the conclusions from behavioral studies, and they have also found that the brain＇s reaction to emotion faces is influenced not only by the features of the faces, but also by the meaning of the faces in social context. Linking threatening information to one＇s sense of security might be a way to alter one＇s insecure attachment style. Based on the limitations of the existing researches, future studies may have multiple research possibilities.