榛子杂交育种中的平榛花粉制备关键技术的研究

Study on the Key Pollen Preparation Technology of Corylus heterophylla Fisch.in Hazelnut Cross Breeding

平榛(Corylus heterophyllaFisch.)是东北地区的主要经济林树种,其坚果是食用榛子的主要来源。利用平榛进行榛子遗传改良,是培育新品种的重要方法。通过多年的研究总结出一套平榛花粉收集技术,为杂交育种提供了技术的保证。透光率对雄花序生长的影响呈负相关,透光率越低,雄花序开花时间延长,花序也伸的长,花粉产量少;而透光率对花粉产量则相反,透光率越高,雄花序开花时间越短,花粉产量多。雄花生长与花粉产量受种源、水培时间的影响,其差异性显著。

The hazels （ Corylus heterophylla Fisch .） are the major economic foresty species in the north-east region ,their fruits are the main source of nuts in food .The genetic improvement in hazel using C . heterophylla was an important way to cultivate new varieties .Through many years research ,we summa-rized a set of hazels’pollen-gathering techniques ,w hich provided technical guarantee for cross breeding . The growth of the male inflorescence was negatively related to transmittance .When transmittance was lower ,the flowering time of the male inflorescence was extended ,the length of inflorescence was also stretched ,and pollen production was low .On the contrary ,the flowering time of male inflorescence was shorter ,pollen production was more when the transmittance was higher .Male flower growth and pollen production were significantly effected by provenance and the water culture time .