美国版权法中法定许可制度的审视——兼论我国《著作权法》相关条款的修订

Review of the Compulsory License in the U S Copyrights Law——Concurrently Discuss China Copyrights Law Revision

音乐作品的法定许可制度是我国当下《著作权法》修订过程中颇有争议的热点问题,主要涉及对音乐作品版权人的权利限制和法定费率的规定两个核心因素。作为这一制度的发源国,美国于1909年颁布《版权法》115条,确立法定许可制度,既有其特殊的历史背景,也包含了版权法的普世精神。借鉴美国法定许可制度百年来的改革历程,我国《著作权法》应该深入探讨法定许可制度建立的可行性,不宜因社会公众的一些误读而简单拒绝。

The compulsory license of music works is a hot issue in the process of China Copyrights Law revision which mainly involves two core elements, the limits to the rights of the music works copyrights owners and the statutory rate. This institution is originated in the US when the congress issued the 17 U. S.C. 115 in 1909. The US established the institution not only because of the historical background,but also the universal principle of copyright law. By reference to the process of the reform to the compulsory license of the U S, the viability of the institution should be thoroughly discussed in China Copyrights Law , rather than being refused only for the misunderstanding of the public.